Notable women-in mathematics : a biographical dictionary

Charlene Morrow eTeri Perl

Greenwood |1998 | 318 páginas | rar - pdf | 24,2 Mb

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This volume features substantive biographical essays on 59 women from around the world who have made significant contributions to mathematics from antiquity to the present. Designed for secondary school students and the general public, each profile describes major life events, obstacles faced and overcome, educational and career milestones—including a discussion of mathematical research in non-technical terms—and interests outside of 2 promotics. Although the collection includes historical women, the emphasis is on contemporary mathematicians, many of whom have not been profiled in any previous work. The work also celebrates the contributions of minority women, including 10 African-American, Latina, and Asian mathematicians.

Written by practicing mathematicians, teachers and researchers, these profiles give voice to the variety of pathways into mathematics that women have followed and the diversity of areas in which mathematics can work. Many profiles draw on interviews with the subject, and each includes a short list of suggested reading by and about the mathematician. Most mathematicians profiled stress the value, importance, and enjoyment of collaborative research, contradicting the prevailing notion that doing good mathematics requires isolation. This collection provides not only a substantial number of role models for girls interested in a career in mathematics, but also a unique depiction of a field that can offer a lifetime of challenge and enjoyment.

CONTENTS

Introduction xi

Maria Gaetana Agnesi 1

Andrea Bertozzi 6

Lenore Blum 11

Sylvia Bozeman 17

Marjorie Lee Browne 21

Leone Burton 25

Fan King Chung 29

Ingrid Daubechies 34

Emilie de Breteuil du Chatelet 38

Etta Zuber Falconer 43

Joan Feigenbaum 47

Elizabeth Fennema 51

Herta Taussig Freitag 56

Sophie Germain 62

Evelyn Boyd Granville 66

Mary Gray 71

Gloria Conyers Hewitt 76

Grace Brewster Murray Hopper 80

Rhonda Hughes 85

Joan Hutchinson 90

Hypatia 94

Nancy Kopell 98

Sofya Korvin-Krukovskaya Kovalevskaya 102

Christine !..add-Franklin 107

Anneli Lax 113

Gilah Chaya Vanderhoek Leder 118

Emma Trotskaya Lehmer 123

Ada Augusta Byron Lovelace 128

Vivienne Maione-Mayes 133

Dusa Waddington McDuff 137

Marie-Louise Michelsohn 142

Cathleen Synge Morawetz 147

Emmy Noether 152

Karen Parshall 157

Bernadette Perrin-Riou 161

Harriet Pollatsek 164

Cheryl Praeger 169

Mina Spiegel Rees 174

Ida Rhodes 180

Julia Bowman Robinson 185

Judith Roitman 190

Mary Ellen Rudin 195

Mary Beth Ruskai 200

Cora Sadosky 204

Alice Turner Schafer 209

Doris Wood Schattschneider 214

Charlotte Angas Scott 219

Marjorie Wikler Senechal 225

Lesley Milman Sibner 229

Mary Fairfax Grieg Somerville 233

Pauline Sperry 238

Alicia Boole Stott 242

Olga Taussky-Todd 246

Jean Taylor

Chuu-Lian Terng

Karen Uhlenbeck

Marion Walter

Sylvia Young Wiegand

Grace Chisholm Young

Appendix 1: Dates of Birth

Appendix II: Countries of Employment and Origin

Index

About the Editors and Contributors

Livros relacionados:

A to Z of women in science and math por Lisa Yount   Idioma: Inglês   Editora: New York, NY : Facts on File, ©2007.

Women in mathematics : the addition of difference por Claudia Henrion Idioma: Inglês   Editora: Bloomington : Indiana University Press, ©1997.

Women in mathematics por Lynn M Osen  Livro : Biografia Idioma: Inglês   Editora: Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press [1974]

Archimedes and the roman imagination

 Mary Jaeger

University of Michigan Press | 2013 | 245 páginas | pdf | 1,1 Mb

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The great mathematician Archimedes, a Sicilian Greek whose machines defended Syracuse against the Romans during the Second Punic War, was killed by a Roman after the city fell, yet it is largely Roman sources, and Greek texts aimed at Roman audiences, that preserve the stories about him. Archimedes' story, Mary Jaeger argues, thus becomes a locus where writers explore the intersection of Greek and Roman culture, and as such it plays an important role in Roman self-definition. Jaeger uses the biography of Archimedes as a hermeneutic tool, providing insight into the construction of the traditional historical narrative about the Roman conquest of the Greek world and the Greek cultural invasion of Rome.
By breaking down the narrative of Archimedes' life and examining how the various anecdotes that comprise it are embedded in their contexts, the book offers fresh readings of passages from both well-known and less-studied authors, including Polybius, Cicero, Livy, Vitruvius, Plutarch, Silius Italicus, Valerius Maximus, Johannes Tzetzes, and Petrarch.

Contents
Abbreviations xiii
Introduction 1
PART ONE
1. The “Eureka” Story 17
2. Cicero at Archimedes’ Tomb 32
3. Why Two Spheres? 48
Coda to Part One. The Afterlife of the Spheres from the De republica 69
PART TWO
A Sketch of Events at Syracuse 75
4. Who Killed Archimedes? 77
5. The Defense of Syracuse 101
Coda to Part Two. Claudian on Archimedes 123
PART THREE
6. Petrarch’s Archimedes 131
Conclusion 149
Notes 157 Bibliography 209 Index 225

Alan M. Turing: Centenary Edition

Sara Turing, John F. Turing, Lyn Irvine and Martin Davis

Cambridge University Press | 2012 | 194 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,45 Mb

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'In a short life he accomplished much, and to the roll of great names in the history of his particular studies added his own.' So is described one of the greatest figures of the twentieth century, yet Alan Turing's name was not widely recognised until his contribution to the breaking of the German Enigma code became public in the 1970s. The story of Turing's life fascinates and in the years since his suicide, Turing's reputation has only grown, as his contributions to logic, mathematics, computing, artificial intelligence and computational biology have become better appreciated. To commemorate the centenary of Turing's birth, this republication of his mother's biography is enriched by a new foreword by Martin Davis and a never-before-published memoir by Alan's older brother. The contrast between this memoir and the original biography reveals tensions and sheds new light on Turing's relationship with his family, and on the man himself.

CONTENTS
Foreword to the Centenary Edition page v ii
Prefaceto the First Edition xv iii
Foreword to the First Edition xix
Part One Mainly Biographical
1 Family Backg round 3
2 Childhood and Early Boyhood 9
3 At Sherborne School 24
4 At Cambridge 40
5 At the Graduate College, Princeton 51
6 Some Characteristics 56
7 War Wor k in the Foreig n Office 67
8 At the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington 77
9 Work with the Manchester Automatic Digital Machine 88
10 Broadcasts and Intelligent Machinery 100
11 Morphogenesis 102
12 Relaxation 106
13 Last Days and Some Tributes 114

101 Careers in Mathematics

(Classroom Resource Materials) 

 Andrew Sterrett 

 Mathematical Association of America | 2014 - 3ª edição |354 páginas | rar - pdf | 2,12 Mb

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This third edition of the immensely popular 101 Careers in Mathematics contains updates on the career paths of individuals profiled in the first and second editions, along with many new profiles. No career counselor should be without this valuable resource.

The authors of the essays in this volume describe a wide variety of careers for which a background in the mathematical sciences is useful. Each of the jobs presented shows real people in real jobs. Their individual histories demonstrate how the study of mathematics was useful in landing well-paying jobs in predictable places such as IBM, AT&T, and American Airlines, and in surprising places such as FedEx Corporation, L.L. Bean, and Perdue Farms, Inc. You will also learn about job opportunities in the Federal Government as well as exciting careers in the arts, sculpture, music, and television. There are really no limits to what you can do if you are well prepared in mathematics.

The degrees earned by the authors profiled here range from bachelor s to master s to PhD in approximately equal numbers. Most of the writers use the mathematical sciences on a daily basis in their work. Others rely on the general problem-solving skills acquired in mathematics as they deal with complex issues.

Ernst Zermelo: an approach to his life and work

Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus e Volker Peckhaus

Springer | 2007 | 368 páginas | pdf | 4,1 Mb

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This biography attempts to shed light on all facets of Zermelo's life and achievements. Personal and scientific aspects are kept separate as far as coherence allows, in order to enable the reader to follow the one or the other of these threads. The presentation of his work explores motivations, aims, acceptance, and influence. Selected proofs and information gleaned from unpublished notes and letters add to the analysis.

Contents
Berlin 1871-1897.
Gottingen 1897-1910.
Zurich 1910-1921.
Freiburg 1921-1953.
A Final Word.
Zermelo's Curriculum Vitae.
Appendix
Selected Original Versions
.

Girolamo Cardano 1501-1576 Physician, Natural Philosopher, Mathematician, Astrologer, and Interpreter of Dreams

Markus Fierz

Birkhauser | 1983 | 221 páginas | pdf | 4,3 Mb

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Contents
Preface lX
Preface to the English Edition lX
Introduction Xl
1 Cardano's Life and Writings 1
2 Cardano the Physician 37
3 Natural Philosophy and Theology 56
4 De Subtilitate and De Rerum Varietate 88
5 Astrology 117
6 The Interpretation of Dreams 125
7 On the Art of Living with Oneself 156
Postscript 167
Notes 177
References 193
Appendix 197

Livros relacionados:

Cardano the gambling scholar por Oystein Ore Idioma: Inglês   Editora: Princeton : Princeton university press, 1953.

The book of my life = (De vita propria liber) por Girolamo Cardano Idioma: Inglês   Editora: New York : 1930

Robert Recorde Tudor Polymath, Expositor and Practitioner of Computation

(History of Computing)  

Jack Williams 

Springer | 2011 | páginas | pdf | 2 Mb

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The 16th-Century intellectual Robert Recorde is chiefly remembered for introducing the equals sign into algebra, yet the greater significance and broader scope of his work is often overlooked. This book presents an authoritative and in-depth analysis of the man, his achievements and his historical importance. This scholarly yet accessible work examines the latest evidence on all aspects of Recorde’s life, throwing new light on a character deserving of greater recognition. Topics and features: presents a concise chronology of Recorde’s life; examines his published works; describes Recorde’s professional activities in the minting of money and the mining of silver, as well as his dispute with William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke; investigates Recorde’s work as a physician, his linguistic and antiquarian interests, and his religious beliefs; discusses the influence of Recorde’s publisher, Reyner Wolfe, in his life; reviews his legacy to 17th-Century science, and to modern computer science and mathematics.

Contents
A Chronology
Part I: 'Profite and Commoditie': the Practitioners
Introduction
Robert Recorde and William Herbert
Earl of Pembroke
The Affair at Clonmines
The Physician
Part II: Intrinsic Worth
Introduction
The Grounde of Artes
The Pathway to Knowledg
The Castle of Knowledge
The Whetstone of Witte
Antiquary and Linguist
Readers and Publisher
Part III: Retrospect and Prospects
Retrospect and Prospects
His Will and His Religion

Livro relacionado:

Robert Recorde : the life and times of a Tudor mathematician por Fenny Smith; Gareth Ffowc Roberts;  Biografia Idioma: Inglês   Editora: Cardiff : University of Wales Press, 2013.

Kurt Gödel and the Foundations of Mathematics: Horizons of Truth

Matthias Baaz, Christos H. Papadimitriou, Hilary W. Putnam e Dana S. Scott

Cambridge University Press | 2011 | páginas | pdf | 3,9 Mb

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This volume commemorates the life, work, and foundational views of Kurt Gödel (1906-1978), most famous for his hallmark works on the completeness of first-order logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency - with the other widely accepted axioms of set theory - of the axiom of choice and of the generalized continuum hypothesis. It explores current research, advances, and ideas for future directions not only in the foundations of mathematics and logic, but also in the fields of computer science, artificial intelligence, physics, cosmology, philosophy, theology, and the history of science. The discussion is supplemented by personal reflections from several scholars who knew Gödel personally, providing some interesting insights into his life. By putting his ideas and life's work into the context of current thinking and perceptions, this book will extend the impact of Gödel's fundamental work in mathematics, logic, philosophy, and other disciplines for future generations of researchers.

Contents

Contributors page xi

Foreword – Gaisi Takeuti xiii

Preface xv

Acknowledgments xvii

Short Biography of Kurt Gödel xix

I Historical Context: Gödel’s Contributions and Accomplishments Gödel’s Historical, Philosoph1ical, and Scientific Work

1 The Impact of Gödel’s Incompleteness Theorems on Mathematics 3

Angus Macintyre

2 Logical Hygiene, Foundations, and Abstractions: Diversity among Aspects and Options 27

Georg Kreisel

Gödel’s Legacy: A Historical Perspective

3 The Reception of Gödel’s 1931 Incompletability Theorems by Mathematicians, and Some Logicians, to the Early 1960s 57

Ivor Grattan-Guinness

4 “Dozent Gödel Will Not Lecture” 75

Karl Sigmund

5 Gödel’s Thesis: An Appreciation 95

Juliette Kennedy

6 Lieber Herr Bernays! Lieber Herr Gödel! Gödel on Finitism, Constructivity, and Hilbert’s Program 111

Solomon Feferman

7 Computation and Intractability: Echoes of Kurt Gödel37

Christos H. Papadimitriou

8 Fromthe Entscheidungsproblem to the Personal Computer – and Beyond 151

B. Jack Copeland

G¨odelian Cosmology

9 Gödel, Einstein, Mach, Gamow, and Lanczos: Gödel’s Remarkable Excursion into Cosmology 185

Wolfgang Rindler

10 Physical Unknowables 213

Karl Svozil

II A Wider Vision: The Interdisciplinary, Philosophical, and Theological Implications of Gödel’s Work

On the Unknowables

11 Gödel and Physics 255

John D. Barrow

12 Gödel, Thomas Aquinas, and the Unknowability of God 277

Denys A. Turner

Gödel and the Mathematics of Philosophy

13 Gödel ’s Mathematics of Philosophy 299

Piergiorgio Odifreddi

Gödel and Philosophical Theology

14 Gödel’s Ontological Proof and Its Variants 307

Petr H´ajek

Gödel and the Human Mind

15 The Gödel Theorem and Human Nature 325

Hilary W. Putnam

16 Gödel , the Mind, and the Laws of Physics 339

Roger Penrose

III New Frontiers: Beyond Gödel ’sWork in Mathematics and Symbolic Logic

Extending G¨odel’s Work

17 Gödel ’s Functional Interpretation and Its Use in Current Mathematics 361

Ulrich Kohlenbach

18 My Forty Years on His Shoulders 399

Harvey M. Friedman

The Realm of Set Theory

19 My Interaction with Kurt G¨odel: The Man and HisWork 435

Paul J. Cohen

Gödel  and the Higher Infinite

20 The Transfinite Universe 449

W. Hugh Woodin

Gödel  and Computer Science

21 The Gödel  Phenomenon in Mathematics: A Modern View 475

Avi Wigderson

Index 509

In the dark on the sunny side : a memoir of an out-of-sight mathematician

 Larry Baggett

The Mathematical Association of America | 2012 | 219 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,22 Mb

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Misfortune struck one June day in 1944, when a five-year-old boy was forever blinded following an accident he suffered with a paring knife. Few people become internationally recognized research mathematicians and famously successful university professors of that erudite subject, and not surprisingly a minuscule number of those few are visually impaired. In the Dark on the Sunny Side tells the story of one such individual. Larry Baggett was main-streamed in school long before main-streaming was at all common. On almost every occasion he was the first blind person involved in whatever was going on the first blind student enrolled in the Orlando Public School System, the first blind student admitted to Davidson College, and the first blind doctoral student in mathematics at the University of Washington. Besides describing the various successes and failures Baggett experienced living in the dark on the sunny side, he displays in this volume his love of math and music by interspersing short musings on both topics, such as discussing how to figure out how many dominoes are in a set, the intricacies of jazz chord progressions, and the mysterious Comma of Pythagoras.

Contents
Prologue . . 1
1 Uncle Al’s Truss . . 5
2 A Quantum Moment . .. 15
3 Louis and the Problem of Sixty-Three .. 31
Sidebar: Counting Dominoes . . 40
4 A Cane Mutiny .. . 49
Sidebar: Steps for Caning Chairs .. 56
5 Pinocchio Becomes a Real Boy . . 61
6 Aunt Mildred and the Circle of Fifths . . 75
Sidebar: The Comma of Pythagoras .. . 78
7 Scarlet Ribbons .. 93
8 Dauntless Courage . . 109
Sidebar: Definition of the Limit of a Sequence . . 115
9 The Age of Enlightenment .. 129
Sidebar: Mathematical Induction . . 137
10 Baggett v. Bullitt, and All That Jazz .. 141
Sidebar: Designing Chords .  . 144
Sidebar: More from Pythagoras . . . 149
11 Publish or Perish, My Best Work .  . 153
12 The Renaissance .. . 169
13 “So How’d That All Work Out for You?” .  . 183
Author’s Notes .. . 199
Acknowledgments . .. 201
Index . .. 205

A Beautiful Mind : A Biography of John Forbes Nash

Sylvia Nasar

First Simon & Schuster | 2011 | 464 páginas | epub | 1,3 Mb

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 “HOW COULD YOU, A MATHEMATICIAN, BELIEVE THAT EXTRATERRESTRIALS WERE SENDING YOU MESSAGES?” the visitor from Harvard asked the West Virginian with the movie-star looks and Olympian manner. “Because the ideas I had about supernatural beings came to me the same way my mathematical ideas did,” came the answer. “So I took them seriously.” 
Thus begins the true story of John Nash, the mathematical genius who was a legend by age thirty when he slipped into madness, and who—thanks to the selflessness of a beautiful woman and the loyalty of the mathematics community—emerged after decades of ghostlike existence to win a Nobel Prize for triggering the game theory revolution. The inspiration for an Academy Award–winning movie, Sylvia Nasar’s now-classic biography is a drama about the mystery of the human mind, triumph over adversity, and the healing power of love.
ContentsForeword
Prologue
Part One: A Beautiful Mind
1: Bluefield (1928–45)
2: Carnegie Institute of Technology (June 1945–1948)
3: The Center of the Universe (Princeton, Fall 1948)
4: School of Genius (Princeton, Fall 1948)
5: Genius (Princeton, 1948–49)
6: Games (Princeton, Spring 1949)
7: John von Neumann (Princeton, 1948–49)
8: The Theory of Games
9: The Bargaining Problem (Princeton, Spring 1949)
10: Nash’s Rival Idea (Princeton, 1949–50)
11: Lloyd (Princeton, 1950)
12: The War of Wits (RAND,Summer 1950)
13: Game Theory at RAND
14: The Draft (Princeton, 1950–51)
15: A Beautiful Theorem (Princeton, 1950–51)
16: MIT
17: Bad Boys
18: Experiments (RAND, Summer 1952)
19: Reds (Spring 1953)
20: Geometry
Part Two: Separate Lives
21: Singularity
22: A Special Friendship (Santa Monica, Summer 1952)
23: Eleanor
24: Jack
25: The Arrest (RAND, Summer 1954)
26: Alicia
27: The Courtship
28: Seattle (Summer 1956)
29: Death and Marriage (1956–57)
Part Three: A Slow Fire Burning
30: Olden Lane and Washington Square (1956–57)
31: The Bomb Factory
32: Secrets (Summer 1958)
33: Schemes (Fall 1958)
34: The Emperor of Antarctica
35: In the Eye of the Storm (Spring 1959)
36: Day Breaks in Bowditch Hall (McLean Hospital, April–May 1959)
37: Mad Hatter’s Teas (May–June 1959)
Part Four: The Lost Years
38: Citoyen du Monde (Paris and Geneva, 1959–60)
39: Absolute Zero (Princeton, 1960)
40: Tower of Silence (Trenton State Hospital, 1961)
41: An Interlude of Enforced Rationality (July 1961–April 1963)
42: The “Blowing-Up” Problem (Princeton and Carrier Clinic, 1963–65)
43: Solitude (Boston, 1965–67)
44: A Man All Alone in a Strange World (Roanoke, 1967–70)
45: Phantom of Fine Hall (Princeton, 1970s)
6: A Quiet Life (Princeton, 1970–90)
Part Five: The Most Worthy
47: Remission
48: The Prize
49: The Greatest Auction Ever (Washington, D.C., December 1994)
50: Reawakening (Princeton, 1995–97)
Epilogue
Notes
Select Bibliography
Acknowledgments
Index

Mathematical scandals

Theoni Pappas

Wide World Publishing, Tetra | 1997 | 163 páginas | rar - pdf | 6,3 Mb

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Mathematics can be a passionate subject, and this text introduces the human sides and foibles of mathematics and mathematicians. Each scandal is introduced by a vignette which, although fictional, follows factual historical accounts.


Contents
Introduction — vii
The irrational number cover-up — 1
Ada Byron Lovelace’s addiction — 7
Exposing L’Hospital’s claim to fame — 16
Whose solids are they anyway? — 22
The paranoia of Kurt Gödel — 26
Newton’s apple never was — 35
Mathematical “Brooklyn Bridge” — 39
Christians murder Hypatia — 44
Cantor driven to nervous breakdown — 50
The mathematician who pleaded insanity — 59
The scandalous treatment of Alan Turing — 63
Fourier cooks his own goose — 68
The secret work of Carl Gauss — 73
Female mathematician crashes the old boys’ club — 80
Newton was no sweet cookie — 86
Where’s the Nobel Prize in mathematics? — 96
Was Galois jinxed? — 102
I sleep therefore I think — 109
The feud over who invented calculus — 115
The truth about Einstein & Maric—It’s all relative — 121
Cardano vs Tartaglia—Who was maligned? — 131
Bibliography — 139
Index — 145
About the author — 151

The Crossing of Heaven: Memoirs of a Mathematician

Karl Gustafson e Ioannis Antoniou

Springer | 2012 | páginas | pdf | 2,5 Mb

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As one of the most prolific mathematicians of our time, Karl Gustafson has been a central figure in the astonishing technological revolution of the last half-century—a revolution which has transformed human life. This, his own account of his journey through those decades, takes the reader from his early pioneering work in computing and espionage, where his contribution was vital to the American Cold War effort, to his observations on core contemporary issues such as the stability of the world’s financial system.

Gustafson’s crucial role in top-secret military intelligence, which saw him tracking Russian submarines, intercepting electronic intelligence and writing the software for America’s first spy satellite, is related here for the first time. His narrative includes fascinating encounters with Nobel laureates and figures of historical importance, the European post-doctoral fellowships that expanded his perspectives on science and life, and hair-raising stories from his early rock-climbing days including brushes with death then and later, such as being struck by lightning and knocked unconscious near a mountain top. Gustafson’s wide-ranging mathematical accomplishments have led to invitations and travel throughout the world, and he tells of the great—and at times strange—personalities he has met along the way. His unique journey has included hard knocks and beautiful women, who have, as he likes to say, added to the great adventure.

Contents
Preface
1 The Child in Iowa.
2 The Boy in Boulder.
3 The Student in Poverty.
4 Computers and Espionage.
5 First Publication.
6 Into Academia.
7 The World Opens.
8 Personas and Personalities.
9 Wives, Lovers, Friends.- 
10 Close Calls.
11 Mathematics.
12 High Finance.
13 The Improbabilities.
14 Realities.-
15 The Crossing of Heaven.
Appendix.

Descartes's Secret Notebook: A True Tale of Mathematics, Mysticism, and the Quest to Understand the Universe

Amir D. Aczel

Broadway | 2006 | 288 páginas | rar - epub |3,23 Mb

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PDF | 17,5 Mb

filefactory.com

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René Descartes (1596—1650) is one of the towering and central figures in Western philosophy and mathematics. His apothegm ''Cogito, ergo sum'' marked the birth of the mind-body problem, while his creation of so-called Cartesian coordinates has made our intellectual conquest of physical space possible.
But Descartes had a mysterious and mystical side, as well. Almost certainly a member of the occult brotherhood of the Rosicrucians, he kept a secret notebook, now lost, most of which was written in code. After Descartes's death, Gottfried Leibniz, inventor of calculus and one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, moved to Paris in search of this notebook–and eventually found it in the possession of Claude Clerselier, a friend of Descartes's. Liebniz called on Clerselier and was allowed to copy only a couple of pages–which, though written in code, he amazingly deciphered there on the spot. Liebniz's hastily scribbled notes are all we have today of Descartes's notebook.
Why did Descartes keep a secret notebook, and what were its contents? The answers to these questions will lead the reader on an exciting, swashbuckling journey, and offer a fascinating look at one of the great figures of Western culture.

Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Prologue: Leibniz's Search in Taris
1: The Gardens of Touraine
2: Jesuit Mathematics and the 'Pleasures of the Capital
3: The Dutch Puzzle
4: Three Dreams in an Oven by the Danube
5: The Athenians Are Vexed by a Persistent Ancient Plague
6: The Meeting with Faulhaber and the Battle of Prague
7: The Brotherhood
8: Swords at Sea and a (Meeting in the Marais
9: Descartes and the Ksicrucians
10: Italian Creations
11: Duel at Orleans, and the Siege of la Rgchelle
12: The Move to Holland and the Ghost of Galileo
13: A Secret Affair
14: Descartes' Philosophy and the Discourse on the Method
15: Descartes Understands the Ancient Delian Mystery
16: Princess Elizabeth
17: The Intrigues of Utrecht
18: The Qall of the Queen
19: The Mysterioust Death of Descartes
20: Leibniz's Quest for Descartes' Secret
21: Leibniz Breaks Descartes' Code and Solves the Mystery
A Twenty first-Century Epilogue
Notes

A Strange Wilderness: The Lives of the Great Mathematicians

Amir D. Aczel

Sterling | 2011 | 304 páginas | 304 páginas | rar - epub | 9,51 Mb

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“Mathematics is not a careful march down a well-cleared highway, but a journey into a strange wilderness, where the explorers often get lost.”-- Mathematics historian W. S. Anglin

From the internationally bestselling author of Fermat's Last Theorem comes a landmark publication on the eccentric lives of the foremost mathematicians in history..
From Archimedes' eureka moment to Alexander Grothendieck's seclusion in the Pyrenees, bestselling author Amir Aczel selects the most compelling stories in the history of mathematics, creating a colorful narrative that explores the quirky personalities behind some of the most groundbreaking, enduring theorems.
This is not your dry “college textbook” account of mathematical history; it bristles with tales of duels, battlefield heroism, flamboyant arrogance, pranks, secret societies, imprisonment, feuds, theft, and some very costly errors of judgment. (Clearly, genius doesn't guarantee street smarts.) Ultimately, readers will come away entertained, and with a newfound appreciation of the tenacity, complexity, eccentricity, and brilliance of the mathematical genius.

Contents
Hellenic foundations.
God is number ; Plato's Academy ; Alexandria
The East.
The House of Wisdom ; Medieval China
Renaissance mathematics.
Italian shenanigans ; Heresy
To calculus and beyond.
The gentleman soldier ; The greatest rivalry ; Geniuses of the Enlightenment
Upheaval in France.
Napoleon's mathematicians ; Duel at dawn
Toward a new mathematics.
Infinity and mental illness ; Unlikely heroes ; The strangest wilderness.

Differential Equations of My Young Years

Vladimir Maz'ya e Arkady Alexeev

Birkhäuser | 2014 | 204 páginas | rar - pdf | 7,7 Mb

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Vladimir Maz'ya (born 1937) is an outstanding mathematician who systematically made fundamental contributions to a wide array of areas in mathematical analysis and in the theory of partial differential equations. In this fascinating book he describes the first thirty years of his life. He starts with the story of his family, speaks about his childhood, high school and university years, describe his formative years as a mathematician. Behind the author's personal recollections, with his own joys, sorrows and hopes, one sees a vivid picture of the time. He speaks warmly about his friends, both outside and inside mathematics. The author describes the awakening of his passion for mathematics and his early achievements. He mentions a number of mathematicians who influenced his professional life. The book is written in a readable and inviting way sometimes with a touch of humor. It can be of interest for a very broad readership.

Contents
1. Family and Early Childhood .. 1
1.1 The Beginning . . 1
1.2 The Time of Peace Is Over . . 5
1.3 My Mother’s Story . . 6
1.4 My Father’s Story .. 10
1.5 In Sverdlovsk . .. 15
1.6 Back to Leningrad .  20
1.7 Postage Stamps .. 21
1.8 Crime Without Punishment . 23
1.9 From the Kiosk to House No. 19/18  . 23
1.10 Life in the “Small Room” on Marat Street . . 26
1.11 Aunt Rita and Lusya .. 30
1.12 Lusya, Ella and the Sinclairs  . 31
1.13 Uncle Aron, Bathhouse and Chess  . 32
1.14 Mother and My First Library . 33
1.15 Durian  . 35
1.16 Our Room . . 35
1.17 The Kitchen and the Toilet . . 39
1.18 Life Has Become Better . . 40
1.19 Even the Sun Has Spots .. 42
2 Boyhood . . 45
2.1 It Is So Difficult to Become an “A” Student . . 45
2.2 The Importance of Being an “A” Student . . 50
2.3 Slingshots  . 52
2.4 Illnesses . . 53
2.5 “Physcult” and Sports . 56
2.6 To Me the Most Important Art Was the Movies  . 59
2.7 A Sharp Kid . . 59
2.8 Foreign Languages  . 63
2.9 My Interests . 64
2.10 Poetry . . 66
2.11 Fimka. 67
2.12 The First Place in the District!  . 69
3 High School Life . . . . 73
3.1 In the Sixth Grade . . 73
3.2 In the Seventh Grade  . 75
3.3 The Indecent Topic  . 75
3.4 My Circle of Reading . 77
3.5 I Chose Mathematics .  . 78
3.6 A Circle at the Palace of Pioneers .  . 79
3.7 Two Lectures for School Children .  . 82
3.8 Murderers in Doctors’ Smocks . . 83
3.9 The English Teacher .  . 84
3.10 Arkady Alexeev .. 87
3.11 Alexeev’s Story . . . 88
4 Mathematics and Other Activities . . 91
4.1 Vanity of Vanities, All Is Vanity .  91
4.2 You Cannot Live Without Women. No! . . 95
4.3 Phase Transition . 97
4.4 My First Mathmech Year .  97
4.5 Student Contests . . 99
4.6 We Lead Our Life in Major Key . . 101
4.7 A Mysterious ID  . 103
4.8 Musical Moments (Leonid Druz)  . 105
4.9 Valery Maisky . .  . 117
4.10 The Authorities Did Not Like Me .  . 120
4.11 How I Did Not Become a Dissident .  122
4.12 Misha Danilov . . 123
5 Mathmech Life .. 129
5.1 The Mathmech Cafeteria .. 129
5.2 Fractional Derivatives . . 130
5.3 Something New at Last! . .. . 130
5.4 Student Scientific Society (SSS) and Tseitin .. 132
5.5 “Quasi-publication” and S. M. Lozinsky . 133
5.6 The Mathmech Choir . 139
5.7 My Doubts and S. G. Mikhlin’s Advice  . 139
5.8 A Few Words About Mikhlin .  . 142
5.9 In the Fourth Year . . 144
5.10 The Virgin Soil . . 147
5.11 In My Fifth Year .  . 148
5.12 Bakelman’s Special Course . . 149
5.13 Job Placement . . 152
5.14 Siegfried . . 154
6. Dissertations and the Years After .. 157
6.1 Steel Sheets and YMS . . . 157
6.2 Possibility and Reality .  . 158
6.3 Defense at the Moscow State University . . 159
6.4 Defense at the Leningrad University . 163
6.5 About V. I. Smirnov . . . 166
6.6 An Order: Scatter the Composed Type .  . 167
6.7 About the “Big Seminar” .. 168
6.8 After the Defense of the Doctor’s Degree Dissertation .  170
6.9 One Hour Late, Lose the Whole Year . .. 175
6.10 A Similar Topic . 176
6.11 Non-Travels to Foreign Countries . . 176
6.12 Counterexamples to a Hilbert Problem  . 178
6.13 Talent .. 181
6.14 Farewell, My Young Years! . . 182
6.15 How Many Medium Range Rockets Were There? . 185
6.16 Under Close Surveillance? . . 186
Index .  . 189

Goedel's Way: Exploits into an undecidable world

Gregory Chaitin, Francisco A Doria e Newton C.A. da Costa

CRC Press | 2011 | 162 páginas | pdf | 1,1 Mb

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Kurt Gödel (1906-1978) was an Austrian-American mathematician, who is best known for his incompleteness theorems. He was the greatest mathematical logician of the 20th century, with his contributions extending to Einstein’s general relativity, as he proved that Einstein’s theory admits time machines. 
The Gödel incompleteness theorem - one cannot prove nor disprove all true mathematical sentences in the usual formal mathematical systems- is frequently presented in textbooks as something that happens in the rarefied realm of mathematical logic, and that has nothing to do with the real world. Practice shows the contrary though; one can demonstrate the validity of the phenomenon in various areas, ranging from chaos theory and physics to economics and even ecology. In this lively treatise, based on Chaitin’s groundbreaking work and on the da Costa-Doria results in physics, ecology, economics and computer science, the authors show that the Gödel incompleteness phenomenon can directly bear on the practice of science and perhaps on our everyday life.
This accessible book gives a new, detailed and elementary explanation of the Gödel incompleteness theorems and presents the Chaitin results and their relation to the da Costa-Doria results, which are given in full, but with no technicalities. Besides theory, the historical report and personal stories about the main character and on this book’s writing process, make it appealing leisure reading for those interested in mathematics, logic, physics, philosophy and computer science.
See also: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REy9noY5Sg8

Contents
1. Gödel, Turing 
2. Complexity, randomness 
3. A list of problems 
4. The halting function and its avatars 
5. Entropy, P vs. NP
6. Forays into uncharted landscapes.

Sophie's Diary a mathematical novel

Dora Musielak 

Mathematical Association of America | 2012 - 2ª edição | 292 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,82 Mb

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Sophie Germain, the first and only woman in history to make a substantial contribution to the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, grew up during the most turbulent years of the French Revolution. Her mathematical genius was discovered by Lagrange around 1797. Published research about Germain focuses on her achievements, noting that she assumed a man's name at the École Polytechnique in Paris, to submit her own work to Lagrange. Yet, no biography has explained how Germain learned mathematics before that time to become so sure of her analytical skills to carry out such a daring act. Sophie s Diary is an attempt to answer this question: How did Germain learn enough mathematics to enter the world of Lagrange s analysis in the first place?

In Sophie s Diary, Germain comes to life through a fictionalized journal that intertwines mathematics with history of mathematics plus historically-accurate accounts of the brutal events that took place in Paris between 1789 and 1793. This format provides a plausible perspective of how a young Sophie could have learned mathematics on her own---both fascinated by numbers and eager to master tough subjects without a tutor s guidance. Her passion for mathematics is integrated into her personal life as an escape from societal outrage.

Sophie s Diary is suitable for a variety of readers---both students and teachers, mathematicians and novices---who will be inspired and enlightened on a field of study made easy as is told through the intellectual and personal struggles of an exceptional young woman.

Contents
Paris, France: 1789
1 Awakening 1
Paris, France: 1790
2 Discovery 49
Paris, France: 1791
3 Introspection 95
Paris, France: 1792
4 Under Siege 133
Paris, France: 1793
5 Upon the Threshold 173
6 Intellectual Discovery 187
Paris, France: 1794
7 Knocking on Heaven’s Door 215
Appendices
Author’s Note 241
Sophie Germain Biographical Sketch 249
Marie-Sophie Germain Timeline 267
Bibliography 269
Acknowledgements 275
Index 276

The Abel Prize: 2003-2007 The First Five Years

Helge Holden e Ragni Piene

Springer | 2010 | 245 páginas | pdf | 2,9 Mb 

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The book presents the winners of the first five Abel Prizes in mathematics: 2003 Jean-Pierre Serre; 2004 Sir Michael Atiyah and Isadore Singer; 2005 Peter D. Lax; 2006 Lennart Carleson; and 2007 S.R. Srinivasa Varadhan.

Each laureate provides an autobiography or an interview, a curriculum vitae, and a complete bibliography. This is complemented by a scholarly description of their work written by leading experts in the field and by a brief history of the Abel Prize.

Livro relacionado

Abel prize 2008-2012 Idioma: Inglês   Editora: [S.l.] : Springer-Verlag Berlin An, 2013

Pythagoras the Mathemagician

Karim El Koussa


Sunbury Press, Inc. | 2010 | 412 páginas | rar - epub | 417 kb

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Discover who the real Pythagoras was within the pages of this philosophical work of historical fiction. This controversial novel looks at the first philosopher from an unfamiliar perspective to most Western readers and scholars. El Koussa stands in the vanguard of a new generation of writers and thinkers who are bringing the rich and diverse history of the Phoenician culture to a new audience.