Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta Problemas. Mostrar todas as mensagens
Mostrar mensagens com a etiqueta Problemas. Mostrar todas as mensagens

sábado, 17 de maio de 2014

Thinking Through Math Word Problems: Strategies for Intermediate Elementary School Students


 Jack Lochhead, Paula B. Potter e Arthur Whimbey

Routledge |1990 | 149 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,19 Mb

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This innovative text teaches elementary school students the techniques of critical thinking and problem solving and applies those methods to mathematical word problems. It supplements traditional fourth, fifth, and sixth grade textbooks and increases students' thinking and problem solving abilities. 
Students are taught the fundamentals of these processes by applying them both to simple and multi-step problems which are provided. These problems -- many written by elementary school pupils --gradually increase in difficulty, making learning both fun and stimulating. Special attention is given to typical errors and sources of conceptual difficulty.

Contents1 Addition & Subtraction... 1
2 Multiplication. .. 37
3 Division. ... 71
4 Fractions .... 109

quarta-feira, 7 de maio de 2014

Mathematics Minus Fear: How to Make Math Fun and Beneficial to Your Everyday Life

Lawrence Potter

Pegasus | 2012 | 416 páginas | rar - epub | 2,1 Mb

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How can math help you bet on horses or win in Vegas? What’s the foolproof way to solve Sudoku? How can probability teach you to calculate your chances of survival in Russian roulette?           
In this irreverent and entertaining guide to mathematics, Lawrence Potter takes the fear out of everything from long division to percentages. Using fascinating puzzles and surprising examples, from M.C. Escher to Pascal, he shows us how math is connected with the world we encounter every day, from how the VAT works to why weather forecasts are wrong, from winning at Monopoly to improving your mental arithmetic. Along the way you’ll also discover who invented numbers, whether animals can count, and what nuns have to do with multiplication.

Contents
Introduction: WHY?
PART ONE: NUMBERS IN YOUR HEAD, FIGURES ON PAPER
1    Small Steps
2    How Many Fingers?
3    Outside the Supermarket
4    Putting Two and Two Together
5    Go Forth and Multiply
6    ‘Countdown’
7    Putting Numbers to Paper
8    Borrowing and Carrying
9    Long, Long Multiplication
0    Long Division Explained
11    Checking It All Adds Up
PART TWO: DIFFERENT KINDS OF NUMBER
1    Kit-Kats and Kosher
2    A ‘Ryche Shepemaster’
3    Proportion has its Problems 1
4    Proportion has its Problems 2
5    Colouring in Pizzas
6    What the Egyptians Did
7    Equivalent Fractions
8    Adding Fractions on Paper
9    Turn it Upside-Down and Multiply
10    What is the (Decimal) Point?
11    Manipulating Decimals
12    One Hundred Percent
13    Something of Interest
14    Prudence is a Virtue
    Two Hundred Percent
PART THREE: FEAR OF THE UNKNOWN
1    Algebra and Broken Bones
2    Doing the Same to Both Sides
3    Change All the Signs
4    False Assumptions
5    The Logic Behind Simultaneous Equations
6    Squabbling Schoolboys
7    Algebra is Democracy
8    The Saving of Charlie
PART FOUR: CHANCE WOULD BE A FINE THING
1    High Expectations for Probability
2    It’s a Load of Balls
3    Muddy Waters
4    It’s Not All About Numbers
5    The Weather Forecast is Wrong
6    Back to the Classroom
7    Putting Probability into Practice
8    Vegas, Baby!
9    The Law of Large Numbers
10    Gambling with Life Insurance
CLOSURE
APPENDIX A: Dividing Fractions
APPENDIX B: Putting Sudoku to Bed
APPENDIX C: Answers to Puzzles
Puzzle Sources and Bibliography

segunda-feira, 14 de abril de 2014

A Friendly Mathematics Competition: 35 Years of Teamwork in Indiana


(Maa Problem Books Series) 

Rick Gillman 

Mathematical Association of America | 2003 | 196 páginas | rar - pdf |658 kb

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"A Friendly Mathematics Competition" tells the story of the Indiana College Mathematics Competition (ICMC) by presenting the problems, solutions, and results of the first 35 years of the ICMC. The ICMC was organized in reaction to the Putnam Exam - its problems were to be more representative of the undergraduate curriculum, and students could work on them in teams.
Originally participation was originally restricted to the small, private colleges and universities of the state, but was later opened up to students from all of the schools in Indiana. The competition was quickly nicknamed the "Friendly" Competition because of its focus on solving mathematical problems, which brought faculty and students together, rather than on the competitive nature of winning. Organized by year, the problems and solutions in this volume present an excellent archive of information about what has been expected of an undergraduate mathematics major over the past 35 years. With more than 245 problems and solutions, the book is also a must buy for faculty and students interested in problem-solving.
The index of problems lists problems in: Algebraic Structures; Analytic Geometry, Arclength, Binomial Coefficients, Derangements, Differentiation, Differential Equations, Diophantine Equations, Enumeration, Field and Ring Theory, Fibonacci Sequences, Finite Sums, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Geometry, Group Theory, Inequalities, Infinite Series, Integration, Limit Evaluation, Logic, Matrix Algebra, Maxima and Minima Problems, Multivariable Calculus, Number Theory, Permutations, Probability, Polar Coordinates, Polynomials, Real Valued Functions Riemann Sums, Sequences, Systems of Equations, Statistics, Synthetic Geometry, Taylor Series, Trigonometry, and Volumes.

domingo, 13 de abril de 2014

Hungarian Problem Book 1: based on the Eötvos Competitions: 1894-1905


J. Kürchak, Elvira Rapaport

Mathematical Association of America | 1963 |  120 páginas | rar - pdf | 3,9 Mb


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The Eötvös Contests in elementary mathematics have been open to Hungarian students in their last year of high school ever since 1894. They are famous for the simplicity of the concepts employed, the mathematical depth reached, and the diversity of elementary mathematical fields touched. But perhaps their most remarkable feature is the influence that they, together with a mathematics journal for students, seem to have had on the young people of that small country. Among the winners of the first 11 contests (i.e. those contained in the present volume) many turned into scientists of international fame; e.g. L. Fejér, T. von Kármán, D. Kónig, M. Riesz. Among the winners of the next twenty contests (i.e., those contained in volume 12) are G. Szegró, T. Radó, E. Teller; all three are well known in the United States, where they now reside. This translation of the Eötvös Contests Problems from 1894-1928 is based on the revised Hungarian edition of J. Kürschák's original compilation. Kürschák combined his excellence in mathematics with his interest in education when he supplied the elegant solutions and illuminating explanations. Book I, 1894-1905 Problems and solutions included.

sábado, 5 de abril de 2014

Math en jeux, niveau 4e 3e : 200 jeux pour aimer les maths


Xuan Quang-BuiMarie Berrondo-Agrell

Bordas | 1990 | 161 páginas | djvu | 5 Mb


Oui, les Mathématiques peuvent être amusantes et l'on se passionnera à essayer de résoudre ces problèmes parfois bien comiques. Quel moyen plus agréable pour progresser en Mathématiques - et les aimer - lorsqu'on est en 4e ou en 3e, puisque ces jeux relèvent tous du niveau de ces classes ! Pleins d'humour, ces casse-tête sont classés selon leur difficulté et entièrement corrigés. Ils demandent, pour être résolus, astuce, bon sens et logique. Egayés de dessins pleins de malice, ils permettent de développer ingéniosité et capacité de raisonnement.

segunda-feira, 31 de março de 2014

Mathematics Galore!, The First Five Years of the St. Mark’s Institute of Mathematics


 (Classroom Resource Materials)

James Tanton 


Mathematical Association of America | 2012 | 289 | pdf | 3,3 Mb


link



Mathematics Galore! Showcases some of the best activities and student outcomes of the St. Mark s Institute of Mathematics and invites you to engage the mathematics yourself! Revel in the delight of deep intellectual play and marvel at the heights to which young scholars can rise. See some great mathematics explained and proved via natural and accessible means.
Based on 26 essays ( newsletters ) and eight additional pieces,Mathematics Galore! offers a large sample of mathematical tidbits and treasures, each immediately enticing, and each a gateway to layers of surprising depth and conundrum. Pick and read essays in no particular order and enjoy the mathematical stories that unfold. Be inspired for your courses, your math clubs and your math circles, or simply enjoy for yourself the bounty of research questions and intriguing puzzlers that lie within.

Contents
Introduction;
Newsletters and commentaries;
1. Arctangents;
2. Benford's Law;
3. Braids;
4. CLIP Theory;
5. Dots and dashes;
6. Factor trees;
7. Folding fractions and conics;
8. Folding patterns and dragons;
9. Folding and pouring;
10. Fractions;
11. Integer triangles;
12. Lattice polygons;
13. Layered tilings;
14. The middle of a triangle;
15. Partitions;
16. Personalized polynomials;
17. Playing with Pi;
18. Pythagoras's Theorem;
19. On reflection;
20. Repunits and primes;
21. The Stern-Brocot Tree;
22. Tessellations;
23. Theon's ladder and squangular numbers;
24. Tilings and theorems;
25. The Tower of Hanoi;
26. Weird multiplication;
Appendices:
1. Numbers that are the sum of two squares;
2. Pick's theorem;
3. The Mobius function;
4. The Borsuk-Ulam theorem;
5. Galilean ratios;
6. A candy-sharing game;
7. Bending Buffon's needle;
8. On separating dots;
Indexes:
1. Index of terms;
2. Index of topics;
3. Classic theorems proved.


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quarta-feira, 26 de março de 2014

Sink or Float? Thought Problems in Math & Physics


Keith Kendig

Mathematical Association of America | 2008 | 390 páginas | rar - pdf | 18,6 Mb

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Sink or Float: Thought Problems in Math and Physics is a collection of problems drawn from mathematics and the real world. Its multiple-choice format forces the reader to become actively involved in deciding upon the answer. The book s aim is to show just how much can be learned by using everyday common sense. The problems are all concrete and understandable by nearly anyone, meaning that not only will students become caught up in some of the questions, but professional mathematicians, too, will easily get hooked. The more than 250 questions cover a wide swath of classical math and physics. Each problem s solution, with explanation, appears in the answer section at the end of the book.A notable feature is the generous sprinkling of boxes appearing throughout the text. These contain historical asides or little-known facts. The problems themselves can easily turn into serious debate-starters, and the book will find a natural home in the classroom

Contents
Preface vii
What Do You Think? A Sampler 1
Geometry 9
Numbers 33
Astronomy 45
Archimedes' Principle 67
Probability 85
Classical Mechanics 105
Electricity and Magnetism 123
Heat and Wave Phenomena 143
The Leaking Tank 179
Linear Algebra 197
What Do You Think? Answers 217
Geometry Answers 227
Numbers Answers 245
Astronomy Answers 253
Archimedes' Principle Answers 267
Probability Answers 273
Mechanics Answers 285
Electricity Answers 295
Heat and Wave Phenomena Answers 301
The Leaking Tank Answers 317
Linear Algebra Answers 323
Glossary 339
References 367
Problem Index 369
Subject Index 373
About the Author 375

terça-feira, 25 de março de 2014

Which way did the bicycle go: and other intriguing mathematical mysteries


Joseph D. E. Konhauser, Dan Velleman e Stan Wagon

The Mathematical Association of America | 1996 | 255 páginas | djvu | 4,2 Mb


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This book contains the best problems selected from over 25 years of the Problem of the Week at Macalester College. This collection will give students, teachers, and university professors a chance to experience the pleasure of wrestling with some beautiful problems of elementary mathematics. Readers can compare their sleuthing talents with those of Sherlock Holmes, who made a bad mistake regarding the first problem in the collection: Determine the direction of travel of a bicycle that has left its tracks in a patch of mud. The collection contains a variety of other unusual and interesting problems in geometry, algebra, combinatorics, and number theory. For example, if a pizza is sliced into eight 45-degree wedges meeting at a point other than the center of the pizza, and two people eat alternating wedges, will they get equal amounts of pizza? Or: Is an advertiser's claim that a certain unusual combination lock allows thousands of combinations justified? Complete solutions to the 191 problems are included with problem variations and topics for investigation.

Contents

Preface
Plane geometry
Number theory
Algebra
Combinatorics and graph theory
Three-dimensional geometry
Miscellaneous
Solutions

terça-feira, 18 de março de 2014

Space Mathematics: Math Problems Based on Space Science


Bernice Kastner 

Dover Publications | 2012 | 192 páginas | rar - epub | 7,2 Mb


link (password : matav)


Created by NASA for high school students interested in space science, this collection of worked problems covers a broad range of subjects, including mathematical aspects of NASA missions, computation and measurement, algebra, geometry, probability and statistics, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometry, matrix algebra, conic sections, and calculus. In addition to enhancing mathematical knowledge and skills, these problems promote an appreciation of aerospace technology and offer valuable insights into the practical uses of secondary school mathematics by professional scientists and engineers.Geared toward high school students and teachers, this volume also serves as a fine review for undergraduate science and engineering majors. Numerous figures illuminate the text, and an appendix explores the advanced topic of gravitational forces and the conic section trajectorie


Contents

Introduction
Preface
Chapter
1.  Mathematical Aspects of Some Recent NASA Missions
2.  Computation and Measurement
3.  Algebra
4.  Geometry
5.  Probability and Statistics
6.  Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
7.  Trigonometry
8.  Matrix Algebra
9.  Conic Sections
10.  Calculus
Appendix
Gravitational Forces and the Conic Section Trajectories
Glossary

segunda-feira, 3 de março de 2014

Solve this math activities for students and clubs


(Classroom Resource Materials)
James S. Tanton

The Mathematical Association of America | 2001 | 240 páginas | rar - pdf  | 3,1 Mb 

link (password : matav)
(novo ficheiro)

Djvu | 5 Mb
link direto
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4shared.com
depositfiles.com

Sophisticated mathematics is accessible to all. This book proves it! This is a collection of intriguing mathematical problems and activities linked by common themes that all involve working with objects from our everyday experience. Learn about the mathematics of a bagel, a checkerboard and a pile of laundry for example. Discover for yourself that wheels need not be round, that braids need not have free ends, that it's always best to turn around twice - and more! Mathematics is all around us, we all do mathematics every day. The activities contained in this book are immediate, catchy and fun, but upon investigation, begin to unfold into surprising layers of depth and new perspectives. The necessary mathematics, in increasing levels of difficulty, is explained fully along the way. Mathematics educators will find this an invaluable resource of fresh and innovative approaches to topics in mathematics.

Contents
Activities and problem statements. Distribution dilemmas
Weird shapes
Counting on the odds ... and evens
Dicing slicing and avoiding bad bits
'Impossible' paper tricks
Tiling challenges
Things that won't fall down
Mobius madness : tortuous twists on a classic theme
Infamous bicycle problem
Making surfaces in 3 and 4 dimensional space
Paradoxes in probability theory
Don't turn around just once!
It's all in a square
Bagel math
Capturing chaos
Who has the advantage?
Laundry math
Get knotted
Tiling and walking
Automata antics
Bubble trouble
Halves and doubles
Playing with playing cards
Map mechanics
Weird lotteries
Flipped out
Parts that do not add up to their whole
Making the sacrifice
Problems in parity
Chessboard maneuvers
Hints, some solutions and further thoughts. 

Solutions and discussions.

International Mathematical Olympiads 1959-1977


(New Mathematical Library)
Samuel L. Greitzer

Mathematical Association of America (MAA) | 1979 | 204 páginas | rar - pdf | 7,2 Mb

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djvu | 1,43 Mb
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The International Olympiad has been held annually since 1959; the U.S. began participating in 1974, when the Sixteenth International Olympiad was held in Erfurt, G.D.R.
In 1974 and 1975, the National Science Foundation funded a three week summer training session with Samuel L. Greitzer of Rutgers University and Murray Klamkin of the University of Alberta as the U.S. teams' coaches. Summer training sessions in 1976, 1977 were funded by grants from the Army Research Office and Office of Naval Research. To date the U.S. teams have consistently placed among the top three national scores: second in 1974(the USSR was first), third in 1975 (behind Hungary and the G.D.R) and 1976 (behind the USSR and Great Britain) and first in 1977.
Members of U.S. team are selected from the 100 top scorers on the Annual High School Examinations (see NML vols. 5, 17, 25) by subsequent competition in the U.S. Mathematical Olympiad.
In this volume the demonstrably effective coach and prime mover in planning the participation of the U.S.A. in the I.M.O., Samuel L. Greitzer, has compiled all the IMO problems from the First through the Nineteenth (1977) IMO and their solutions, some based on the contestants' papers.
The problems ae solvable by methods accessible to secondary school students in most nations, but insight and ingenuity are often required. A chronological examination of the questions throws some light on the changes and trends in secondary school mathematics curricula.

domingo, 2 de março de 2014

Five Hundred Mathematical Challenges

Edward J. Barbeau

The Mathematical Association of America | 1997 | 238 | rar - pdf | 1,5 Mb

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The organization of the book makes it a superb pedagogical instrument... Throughout the book are interspersed fables concerning mathematicians and occasional "bons mots." They are wonderful...The book is a paperback, done in a large elegantly printed format. I suggest you try it out on some of your talented undergraduate students. — The Mathematical Intelligencer

The book is an excellent source of problems for high school or college teachers who wish to challenge mathematically oriented students. The problems cover a wide range of topics, including geometry, algebra, number theory, trigonometry, probability and combinatorics...I recommend this book highly for mathematics teachers as a source of nontrivial precalculus problems. — AAAS, Science Books and Films

This book contains 500 problems that range over a wide spectrum of areas of high school mathematics and levels of difficulty. Some are simple mathematical puzzlers while others are serious problems at the Olympiad level. Students of all levels of interest and ability will be entertained and taught by the book. For many problems, more than one solution is supplied so that students can see how different approaches can be taken to a problem and compare the elegance and efficiency of different tools that might be applied.

Teachers at both the college and secondary levels will find the book useful, both for encouraging their students and for their own pleasure. Some of the problems can be used to provide a little spice in the regular curriculum by demonstrating the power of very basic techniques.

This collection provides a solid base for students who wish to enter competitions at the Olympiad level. They can begin with easy problems and progress to more demanding ones. A special mathematical tool chest summarizes the results and techniques needed by competition-level students.

Calculator Puzzles, Tricks and Games


Norvin Pallas

Sterling Pub. Co | 1976 | 98 páginas | djvu | 98 páginas

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Perform amazing feats of mathematical magic, answer clever riddles, and much more with this book and a handy pocket calculator. Scores of brain-teasers, puzzles, mathematical oddities, games, and recreations to fill dozens of hours with fun and excitement. Answers to problems.

Contents
Introduction 5
Upside-Down Displays 8
A Few Lines About Nines 10
Sports Figures 12
Hit It! 13
ESP 14
Making Allowances 18
Calculator Mathemetrics .20
Treasure Hunt 25
The Root of the Matter 26
Explosion! 28
Strictly for Squares 29
More Upside-Down Displays 30
Three Complementary Lessons 32
Subtraction . . . Addition . . . Division
Family Finances 35
Shopping Spree 36
The Calculator Murders 39
The Minotaur 40
Much Ado About Decimals 43
Problems to Tax You 46
Timely Problems 47
Magicalculations 48
Climbing the Corporate Calculadder 53
Problems of Interest 57
Home Improvements 58
Calculated Risk 60
More Magicalculations 62
Where There's a Will 64
Oranges and Doughnuts 66
What Is Going On Inside? 68
Fuelish Figures 71
Peasant Multiplication 72
Car-ful Calculations 74
Answers 76
Index 96

sexta-feira, 28 de fevereiro de 2014

Mathematical cranks


Underwood Dudley 

The Mathematical Association of America | 1992 | páginas | djvu |4,6  Mb

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A delightful collection of articles about people who claim they have achieved the mathematically impossible (squaring the circle, duplicating the cube); people who think they have done something they have not (proving Fermat's Last Theorem); people who pray in matrices; people who find the American Revolution ruled by the number 57; people who have in common eccentric mathematical views, some mild (thinking we should count by 12s instead of 10s), some bizarre (thinking that second-order differential equations will solve all problems of economics, politics and philosophy). This is a truly unique book. It is written with wit and style and is a part of folk mathematics.

Contents
Introduction v 
Alphabet, Application of Pyramid Height to the 1 
American Revolution, The Role of 57 in the 4 
Applied Mathematics 9 
Base for the Number System, The Best - 20 
Bitterness, Cranks' 32 
Calculus, Celestial 38 
Cantor's Diagonal Process 40 
Congressional Record, Mathematics in the 46 
Constant Society, The 50 
Consultation, Lack of, of Cranks with Experts 53 
Crank, Case Study of a 55. 
Crank, The Making of a 67 
Deduction, The Joy of 78 
Duplication of the Cube 86 
Ellipse, Circumference of an 93 
Encouraging Cranks, The Folly of 97 
Equations, Solving 102 
Fermat's Last Theorem 105 
Fermat's Little Theorem 135 
Fifth Postulate, Euclid's 137 
Four-Color Theorem, The ." 159 
Godel's Theorem 167 
Goldbach Conjecture, The 171 
Greed 179 
Incomprehensibility of Crank's Works 182 
Infinity, Difficulties with 184 
Insanity 189 
Legislating Pi 192 
Linear Programming, Conspiracy Involving 198 
Magic Squares 200 
Mail, Crank 205 
Megalomania 208 
Money to be Made in Mathematics, Lack of 222 
Nines, Casting Out 226 
Nonagons, Regular 231 
Notation, Nonstandard 235 
Number Theory, The Lure of 239 
Perfect Numbers 242 
Phi 245 
Prayer, Matrix 251 
Primes, The Secret of the 254 
Primes, Twin, Existence of Infinitely Many 256 
Prolificity, Crank's 260 
Puzzle, A 269 
Pythagoreans, Neo- 271 
Pythagoreans, The Mystery of the 274 
Quadrature of the Circle 279 
Set Theory 322 
Signs, The Rule of 324 
Solution to a Puzzle 330 
Sphere, Philosophy of the 331 
Statistics, Parameter Estimation in 334 
Taxonomy, Mathematical 337 
Time, Wasted ....! 339 
Topology, Applied 341 
Trisection of the Angle 342 
Van der Pol's Equation 349 
Notes 353 

Index 363

quinta-feira, 27 de fevereiro de 2014

Poincaré's prize : the hundred-year quest to solve one of math's greatest puzzles



George Szpiro

Plume | 2007 | 321 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,6 Mb


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The amazing story of one of the greatest math problems of all time and the reclusive genius who solved it

In the tradition of Fermat’s Enigma and Prime Obsession, George Szpiro brings to life the giants of mathematics who struggled to prove a theorem for a century and the mysterious man from St. Petersburg, Grigory Perelman, who fi nally accomplished the impossible. In 1904 Henri Poincaré developed the Poincaré Conjecture, an attempt to understand higher-dimensional space and possibly the shape of the universe. The problem was he couldn’t prove it. A century later it was named a Millennium Prize problem, one of the seven hardest problems we can imagine. Now this holy grail of mathematics has been found.
Accessibly interweaving history and math, Szpiro captures the passion, frustration, and excitement of the hunt, and provides a fascinating portrait of a contemporary noble-genius. In the tradition of Fermat’s Enigma and Prime Obsession, George Szpiro brings to life the giants of mathematics who struggled to prove a theorem for a century and the mysterious man from St. Petersburg, Grigory Perelman, who fi nally accomplished the impossible. In 1904 Henri Poincaré developed the Poincaré Conjecture, an attempt to understand higher-dimensional space and possibly the shape of the universe. The problem was he couldn’t prove it. A century later it was named a Millennium Prize problem, one of the seven hardest problems we can imagine. Now this holy grail of mathematics has been found.Accessibly interweaving history and math, Szpiro captures the passion, frustration, and excitement of the hunt, and provides a fascinating portrait of a contemporary noble-genius. Accessibly interweaving history and math, Szpiro captures the passion, frustration, and excitement of the hunt, and provides a fascinating portrait of a contemporary noble-genius. 


Contents
Chapter 1: Fit for a King 1
Grigori Perelman’s unprecedented refusal of a Fields Medal for solving one of the greatest problems of our age. The king waits in vain.
Chapter 2: What Flies Know and Ants Don’t 8
The importance of dimensions for Christopher Columbus and for bugs.
Chapter 3: The Forensic Engineer 15
The life of Henri Poincaré, in particular his investigation of a tragedy in a coal mine.
Chapter 4: An Oscar for the Best Script 33
Poincaré’s prizewinning theory of the solar system’s stability...and the scandal.
Chapter 5: Geometry Without Euclid 53 Topology; how this mathematical discipline has developed since Euler.
Chapter 6 : From Copenhagen and Hamburg to Black Mountain, North Carolina 75
Poincaré’s first, incorrect attempt to prove the conjecture...and the parts he got right.
Chapter 7 : What the Conjecture Is Really All About 95
Imaging things that are unimaginable.
Chapter 8 : Dead Ends and a Mysterious Disease 112
Around the world with three-dimensional spheres.
Chapter 9 : Voyage to Higher Dimensions 142
A rock-collecting yippie amazes the world.
Chapter 10 : Inquisition—West Coast Style 172
How other hopefuls ended up with egg on their faces.
Chapter 11 : Watching Things Go “Pop” 186
Richard Hamilton gets going with the Ricci flow . . . and then gets stuck.
Chapter 12 : The Cigar Surgeon 205
The proof lands on the Internet. Swooping up Poincaré, Thurston, and Hamilton. History is made.
Chapter 13 : The Gang of Four, plus Two 226
Vetting the proof, a math professor pushes his protégés into the limelight.
Chapter 14 : The Prize 247
The minor matter of a million dollars. Does money motivate math?
Notes 263
Bibliography 285
Acknowledgments 295
Index 297

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quarta-feira, 26 de fevereiro de 2014

Mathematical Olympiad In China (2009-2010): Problems And Solutions


(Mathematical Olympiad Series)

Bin Xiong e Peng Yee Lee

World Scientific Publishing Company | 2013 | 205  páginas | rar - pdf | 15 Mb


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epub - 8 Mb - link

The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a competition for high school students. China has taken part in the IMO 21 times since 1985 and has won the top ranking for countries 14 times, with a multitude of gold's for individual students. The six students China has sent every year were selected from 20 to 30 students among approximately 130 students who took part in the annual China Mathematical Competition during the winter months. This volume of comprises a collection of original problems with solutions that China used to train their Olympiad team in the years from 2009 to 2010. Mathematical Olympiad problems with solutions for the years 2002 - 2008 appear in an earlier volume, "Mathematical Olympiad in China".

segunda-feira, 17 de fevereiro de 2014

The Humongous Book of SAT Math Problems

 
W. Michael Kelley

ALPHA | 2013 | páginas | rar - pdf | 10,6 Mb


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Translated for people who don't speak math! The Humongous Book of SAT Math Problems takes a typical SAT study guide of solved math problems and provides easy-to-follow margin notes that add missing steps and simplify the solutions, thereby better preparing students to solve all types of problems that appear in both levels of the SAT math exam. Award-winning teacher, Mike Kelley, offers 750 problems with step-by-step notes and comprehensive solutions. The Humongous Books are like no other math guide series!

sexta-feira, 7 de fevereiro de 2014

A Mathematical Orchard: Problems and Solutions



(MAA Problem Book Series)

Mark I. Krusemeyer, George T. Gilbert e Loren C. Larson

The Mathematical Association of America | 2012 | 410 páginas | rar - pdf | 1,9 Mb

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This volume is a republication and expansion of the much-loved Wohascum County Problem Book, published in 1993. The original 130 problems have been retained and supplemented by an additional 78 problems. The puzzles contained within, which are accessible but never routine, have been specially selected for their mathematical appeal, and detailed solutions are provided. The reader will encounter puzzles involving calculus, algebra, discrete mathematics, geometry and number theory, and the volume includes an appendix identifying the prerequisite knowledge for each problem. A second appendix organises the problems by subject matter so that readers can focus their attention on particular types of problems if they wish. This collection will provide enjoyment for seasoned problem solvers and for those who wish to hone their skills.

  • An entertaining collection of problems, tried and tested by experienced educators
  • Detailed solutions are included and some problems are solved in multiple ways
  • Accessible to those of advanced secondary school/high school level, through to undergraduate and above
Table of Contents
Preface
1. The problems
2. The solutions
Appendix 1. Prerequisites by problem number
Appendix 2. Problem numbers by subject
Index.

quarta-feira, 5 de fevereiro de 2014

USA Mathematical Olympiads 1972-1986 Problems and Solutions

(Anneli Lax New Mathematical Library) 

Murray Klamkin 


Mathematical Association of America | 1989 | 146 páginas | pdf | 1,7 Mb


link

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People delight in working on problems "because they are there," for the sheer pleasure of meeting a challenge. This is a book full of such delights. In it, Murray S. Klamkin brings together 75 original USA Mathematical Olympiad (USAMO) problems for yearss 1972-1986, with many improvements, extensions, related exercises, open problems, referneces and solutions, often showing alternative approaches. The problems are coded by subject, and solutions are arranged by subject, e.g., algebra, number theory, solid geometry, etc., as an aid to those interested in a particular field. Included is a Glossary of frequently used terms and theorems and a comprehensive bibliography with items numbered and referred to in brackets in the text. This a collection of problemsand solutions of arresting ingenuit, all accessible to secondary school students.

The USAMO has been taken annually by about 150 of the nation's best high school mathematics students. This exam helps to find and encourage high school students with superior mathematical talent and creativity and is the culmination of a three-tiered competition that begins with the American High School Mathematics Examination (AHSME) taken by over 400, 000 students. The eight winners of the USAMO are canidates for the US team in the International Mathematical Olympiad. Schools are encouraged to join this large and important enterprise. See page x of the preface for further information. this book includes a list of all of the top contestants in the USAMO and their schools.
The problems are intriguing and the solutions elegant and informative. Students and teachers will enjoy working these challenging problems. Indeed, all hose who are mathematically inclined will find many delights and pleasant challenges in this book.

Contents
Editors' Note Vii
Preface ix
USA Olympiad Problems 1
Solutions of Olympiad Problems 15
Algebra (A) 15
Number Theory (N.T.) 30
Plane Geometry (P.G.) 45
Solid Geometry (S.G.) 55
Geometric Inequalities (G.I.) 66
Inequalities (I) 81
Combinatorics & Probability (C.& P.) 93
Appendix 105
List of Symbols 110
Glossary 111
References 120

segunda-feira, 3 de fevereiro de 2014

International Mathematical Olympiads and Forty Supplementary Problems

(New Mathematical Library) 

Murray S. Klamkin

The Mathematical Association of America |1986 | 155 páginas | rar -pdf | 5 Mb

link (password : matav)

A compilation of problems of arresting ingenuity given to high school students competing in the International Mathematical Olympiads

Contents
Editor’s Note
Preface
Olympiad Problems
Supplementary Problems
Solutions of Olympiad Problems
Olympiad 20,1978
Olympiad 21,1979
Olympiad 22,1981
Olympiad 23,1982
Olympiad 24,1983
Olympiad 25,1984
Olympiad 26,1985
Solutions of Supplementary Problems
Algebra
Number Theory
Plane Geometry
Solid Geometry
Geometric Inequalities
Inequalities
Combinatorics
Appendix A