The Abel Prize 2008-2012

Helge Holden e Ragni Piene 

Springer | 2014 | 561 páginas | rar - pdf | 6,5 Mb

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The profiles feature autobiographical information as well as a description of each mathematician's work. In addition, each profile contains a complete bibliography, a curriculum vitae, as well as photos — old and new. As an added feature, interviews with the Laureates are presented on an accompanying web site (http://extras.springer.com/).
The profiles feature autobiographical information as well as a description of each mathematician's work. In addition, each profile contains a complete bibliography, a curriculum vitae, as well as photos — old and new. As an added feature, interviews with the Laureates are presented on an accompanying web site (http://extras.springer.com/).

Covering the years 2008-2012, this book profiles the life and work of recent winners of the Abel Prize:

·         John G. Thompson and Jacques Tits, 2008
·         Mikhail Gromov, 2009
·         John T. Tate Jr., 2010
·         John W. Milnor, 2011
·         Endre Szemerédi, 2012.

The book also presents a  history of the Abel Prize written by the historian Kim Helsvig, and includes a facsimile of a letter from Niels Henrik Abel, which is transcribed, translated into English, and placed into historical perspective by Christian Skau.
This book follows on The Abel Prize: 2003-2007, The First Five Years (Springer, 2010), which profiles the work of the first Abel Prize winners.

Spectrums: Our Mind-boggling Universe from Infinitesimal to Infinity

 

David Blatner

Bloomsbury Publishing | 2013 | 192 páginas | epub | 7 Mb

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The universe is a mind-boggling place, full of things seemingly too big and too small to understand. How can we visualise the minuscule world of the atom and the vastness of our galaxy? How can we grasp a billionth of a second and a billion years? Or the freezing point of Helium and the heat generated by the blast of an atomic bomb? David Blatner's solution is to put these and many other 'inconceivable' items on six spectrums - numbers, size, light, sound, heat and time - that put them into a human perspective. Full of facts, illustrations and anecdotes, Spectrums proves that we really can make sense of our extraordinary universe. Visit spectrums.com for amazing interactive charts, videos and more

Contents

  Introduction

  Chapter 1 Numbers

  Chapter 2 Size

  Chapter 3 Light

  Chapter 4 Sound

  Chapter 5 Heat

  Chapter 6 Time

  Epilogue

  Acknowledgments

  Table of Prefixes  

  Index

Mathematics: for Elementary School Teacher

Tom Bassarear 

Cengage Learning | 2011 - 5ª edição | 745 páginas | rar - pdf | 23,4 Mb

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Intended for the one- or two-semester course required of Education majors, MATHEMATICS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS, 5E, offers future teachers a comprehensive mathematics course designed to foster concept development through examples, investigations, and explorations. Visual icons throughout the main text allow instructors to easily connect content to the hands-on activities in the corresponding Explorations Manual. Bassarear presents real-world problems, problems that require active learning in a method similar to how archaeologists explore an archaeological find: they carefully uncover the site, slowly revealing more and more of the structure. The author demonstrates that there are many paths to solving a problem, and that sometimes, problems have more than one solution. With this exposure, future teachers will be better able to assess student needs using diverse approaches

Contents
1 Foundations for Learning Mathematics 1
SECTION 1.1 Getting Started and Problem Solving 2
INVESTIGATIONS
1.1A Pigs and Chickens 7
1.1B Coin Problem? 12
SECTION 1.2 Patterns and Communication 14
INVESTIGATIONS
1.2A Sequences and Patterns 15
1.2B Patterns in Multiplying by 11 19
1.2C Pascal’s Triangle 21
1.2D Communicating Patterns in a Magic Square 22
SECTION 1.3 Reasoning and Proof 26
INVESTIGATIONS
1.3A Does Your Answer Make Sense? 26
1.3B Inductive Thinking with Fractions 27
1.3C Deductive Reasoning and Venn Diagrams 32
Data Highlights: Group Projects 123
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 125
USING TECHNOLOGY 126
1.3D Why Is the Sum of Two Even Numbers an
Even Number? 33
1.3E Darts, Proof, and Communication 34
1.3F The Nine Dots Problem 35
1.3G How Many Games in the Tournament? 36
SECTION 1.4 Representation and Connections 39
INVESTIGATIONS
1.4A How Long Will It Take the Frog to Get out
of the Well? 40
1.4B How Many Pieces of Wire? 44
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER1 49
CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY 50
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW EXERCISES 51
2 Fundamental Concepts 53
SECTION 2.1 Sets 54
INVESTIGATIONS
2.1A Classifying Quadrilaterals 54
2.1B Describing Sets 56
2.1C How Many Subsets? 58
2.1D Translating Among Representations 63
2.1E Finding Information from Venn Diagrams 63
SECTION 2.2 Algebraic Thinking 68
INVESTIGATIONS
2.2A A Variable by Any Other Name Is Still a Variable 69
2.2B Baby-sitting 73
2.2C Choosing Between Functions 74
2.2D Matching Graphs to Situations 76
2.2F Looking for Generalizations 79
2.2G How Many Dots? 80
SECTION 2.3 Numeration 87
INVESTIGATIONS
2.3A Relative Magnitude of Numbers 98
2.3B What If Our System Was Based on One Hand? 99
2.3C How Well Do You Understand Base Five? 100
2.3D Base Sixteen 101
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 2 106
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 107
CHAPTER 2 REVIEW EXERCISES 108
3 The Four Fundamental Operations of Arithmetic 111
SECTION 3.1 Understanding Addition 112
INVESTIGATIONS
3.1A A Pattern in the Addition Table 116
3.1B Mental Addition 117
3.1C Children’s Strategies for Adding Large Numbers 120
3.1D An Alternative Algorithm 123
3.1E Addition in Base Five 123
3.1F Children’s Mistakes 125
3.1G What Was the Total Attendance? 127
3.1H Estimating by Making Compatible Numbers 128
3.1I Number Sense with Addition 130
SECTION 3.2 Understanding Subtraction 133
INVESTIGATIONS
3.2A Mental Subtraction 137
3.2B Children’s Strategies for Subtraction with Large Numbers 139
3.2C An Alternative Algorithm 141
3.2D Children’s Mistakes in Subtraction 142
3.2E Rough and Best Estimates with Subtraction 143
3.2F Number Sense with Subtraction 143
SECTION 3.3 Understanding Multiplication 148
INVESTIGATIONS
3.3A A Pattern in the Multiplication Table 153
3.3B Mental Multiplication 154
3.3C An Alternative Algorithm 159
3.3D Why Does the Trick for Multiplying by 11 Work? 159
3.3E Multiplication in Base Five 160
3.3F Children’s Mistakes in Multiplication 162
3.3G Developing Estimation Strategies for Multiplication 162
3.3H Using Various Strategies in a Real-life Multiplication Situation 163
3.3I Number Sense with Multiplication 164
SECTION 3.4 Understanding Division 170
INVESTIGATIONS
3.4A Mental Division 174
3.4B Understanding Division Algorithms 175
3.4C The Scaffolding Algorithm 177
3.4D Children’s Mistakes in Division 178
3.4E Estimates with Division 180
3.4F Number Sense with Division 181
3.4G Applying Models to a Real-life Situation 182
3.4H Operation Sense 183
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 3 189
CHAPTER 3 SUMMARY 190
CHAPTER 3 REVIEW EXERCISES 191
4 Number Theory 195
SECTION 4.1 Divisibility and Related Concepts 196
INVESTIGATIONS
4.1A Interesting Dates 196
4.1B Patterns in Odd and Even Numbers 198
4.1C Understanding Divisibility Relationships 200
4.1D Determining the Truth of an Inverse Statement 201
4.1E Understanding Why the Divisibility Rule for 3 Works 202
4.1F Divisibility by 4 and 8 204
4.1G Creating a Divisibility Rule for 12 207
SECTION 4.2 Prime and Composite Numbers 211
INVESTIGATIONS
4.2A The Sieve of Eratosthenes 212
4.2B Numbers with Personalities: Perfect and Other Numbers 217
SECTION 4.3 Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiple 220
INVESTIGATIONS
4.3A Cutting Squares Using Number Theory Concepts 220
4.3B Methods for Finding the GCF 222
4.3C Relationships Between the GCF and the LCM 227
4.3D Going Deeper into the GCF and the LCM 228
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 4 232
CHAPTER 4 SUMMARY 232
CHAPTER 4 REVIEW EXERCISES 233
5 Extending the Number System 235
SECTION 5.1 Integers 236
INVESTIGATIONS
5.1A Subtraction with Integers 242
5.1B The Product of a Positive and a Negative Number 243
SECTION 5.2 Fractions and Rational Numbers 247
INVESTIGATIONS
5.2A Rational Number Contexts: What Does Mean? 248
5.2B Wholes and Units: Sharing Brownies 250
5.2C Unitizing 251
5.2D Fundraising and Thermometers 253
5.2E Partitioning with Number Line Models 254
5.2F Partitioning with Area Models 255
5.2G Partitioning with Set Models 256
5.2H Determining an Appropriate Representation 257
5.2I Sharing Cookies 260
5.2J Ordering Rational Numbers 262
5.2K Estimating with Fractions 262
SECTION 5.3 Understanding Operations with Fractions 268
INVESTIGATIONS
5.3A Using Fraction Models to Understand Addition of Fractions 268
5.3B Connecting Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers 270
5.3C Mental Addition and Subtraction with Fractions 271
5.3D Estimating Sums and Differences with Fractions 273
5.3E Understanding Multiplication of Rational Numbers 274
5.3F Division of Rational Numbers 278
5.3G Estimating Products and Quotients 280
5.3H When Did He Run Out of Gas? 282
5.3I They’ve Lost Their Faculty! 283
SECTION 5.4 Beyond Integers and Fractions: Decimals, Exponents, and Real Numbers 288
INVESTIGATIONS
5.4A Base Ten Blocks and Decimals 290
5.4B When Two Decimals Are Equal 291
5.4C When Is the Zero Necessary and When Is It Optional? 292
5.4D Connecting Decimals and Fractions 293
5.4E Ordering Decimals 294
5.4F Rounding with Decimals 296
5.4G Decimals and Language 297
5.4H Decimal Sense: Grocery Store Estimates 300
5.4I Decimal Sense: How Much Will the Project Cost? 301
5.4J How Long Will She Run? 302
5.4K Exponents and Bacteria 302
5.4L Scientific Notation: How Far Is a Light-Year? 304
5.4M Square Roots 306
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 5 312
CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY 313
CHAPTER 5 REVIEW EXERCISES 314
6 Proportional Reasoning 315
SECTION 6.1 Ratio and Proportion 316
INVESTIGATIONS
6.1A Unit Pricing—Is Bigger Always Cheaper? 319
6.1B How Many Trees Will Be Saved? 320
6.1C How Much Money Will the Trip Cost? 321
6.1D Reinterpreting Old Problems 322
6.1E Using Estimation with Ratios 322
6.1F Comparing Rates 324
6.1G Is the School on Target? 327
6.1H Finding Information from Maps 328
6.1I From Raw Numbers to Rates 329
6.1J How Much Does That Extra Light Cost? 330
SECTION 6.2 Percents 335
INVESTIGATIONS
6.2A Who’s the Better Free-Throw Shooter? 336
6.2B Understanding a Newspaper Article 337
6.2C Buying a House 340
6.2D Sale? 342
6.2E What Is a Fair Raise? 343
6.2F How Much Did the Bookstore Pay for the Textbook? 344
6.2G The Copying Machine 345
6.2H 132% Increase? 346
6.2I Saving for College 348
6.2J How Much Does That Credit Card Cost You? 350
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 6 354
CHAPTER 6 SUMMARY 355
CHAPTER 6 REVIEW EXERCISES 355
7 Uncertainty: Data and Chance 357
SECTION 7.1 The Process of Collecting and Analyzing Data 359
INVESTIGATIONS
7.1A What Is Your Favorite Sport? 360
7.1B How Many Siblings Do You Have? 363
7.1C Going Beyond a Computational Sense of Average 368
7.1D How Many Peanuts Can You Hold in One Hand? 369
7.1E How Long Does It Take Students to Finish the Final Exam? 373
7.1F Videocassette Recorders 379
7.1G Fatal Crashes 382
7.1H Hitting the Books 385
SECTION 7.2 Going Beyond the Basics 396
INVESTIGATIONS
7.2A How Many More Peanuts Can Adults Hold
Than Children? 396
7.2B Scores on a Test 399
7.2C Which Battery Do You Buy? 400
7.2D Understanding Standard Deviation 403
7.2E Analyzing Standardized Test Scores 406
7.2F How Long Should the Tire Be Guaranteed? 407
7.2G Comparing Students in Three Countries 412
7.2H Grade Point Average 415
7.2I What Does Amy Need to Bring Her GPA Up to 2.5? 416
SECTION 7.3 Concepts Related to Chance 424
INVESTIGATIONS
7.3A Probability of Having 2 Boys and 2 Girls 427
7.3B Probability of Having 3 Boys and 2 Girls 430
7.3C Probability of Having at Least 1 Girl 431
7.3D 50-50 Chance of Passing 432
7.3E What Is the Probability of Rolling a 7? 433
7.3F What Is the Probability of Rolling a 13 with 3 Dice? 435
7.3G “The Lady or the Tiger” 436
7.3H Gumballs 438
7.3I Is This a Fair Game? 440
7.3J What About This Game? 440
7.3K Insurance Rates 442
SECTION 7.4 Counting and Chance 447
INVESTIGATIONS
7.4A How Many Ways to Take the Picture? 447
7.4B How Many Different Election Outcomes? 449
7.4C How Many Outcomes This Time? 451
7.4D Pick a Card, Any Card! 453
7.4E So You Think You’re Going to Win the Lottery? 454
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 7 456
CHAPTER 7 SUMMARY 457
CHAPTER 7 REVIEW EXERCISES 458
8 Geometry as Shape 463
SECTION 8.1 Basic Ideas and Building Blocks 463
INVESTIGATIONS
8.1A Playing Tetris 465
8.1B Different Objects and Their Function 466
8.1C Point, Line, and Plane 472
8.1D Measuring Angles 478
SECTION 8.2 Two-Dimensional Figures 484
INVESTIGATIONS
8.2A Recreating Shapes from Memory 485
8.2B All the Attributes 487
8.2C Classifying Figures 487
8.2D Why Triangles Are So Important 491
8.2E Classifying Triangles 492
8.2F Triangles and Venn Diagrams 494
8.2G Congruence with Triangles 498
8.2H Quadrilaterals and Attributes 500
8.2I Challenges 501
8.2J Relationships Among Quadrilaterals 502
8.2K Sum of the Interior Angles of a Polygon 506
8.2L What Are My Coordinates? 509
8.2M Understanding the Distance Formula 510
8.2N The Opposite Sides of a Parallelogram Are Congruent 510
8.2O Midpoints of Any Quadrilateral 512
SECTION 8.3 Three-Dimensional Figures 518
INVESTIGATIONS
8.3A What Do You See? 520
8.3B Connecting Polygons to Polyhedra 521
8.3C Features of Three-Dimensional Objects 523
8.3D Prisms and Pyramids 526
8.3E Different Views of a Building 528
8.3F Isometric Drawings 529
8.3G Cross Sections 530
8.3H Nets 531
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 8 537
CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY 538
CHAPTER 8 REVIEW EXERCISES 539
9 Geometry as Transforming Shapes 543
SECTION 9.1 Congruence Transformations 546
INVESTIGATIONS
9.1A Understanding Translations 547
9.1B Understanding Reflections 549
9.1C Understanding Rotations 550
9.1D Understanding Translations, Reflections, and Rotations 552
9.1E Connecting Transformations 555
9.1F Transformations and Art 557
SECTION 9.2 Symmetry and Tessellations 563
INVESTIGATIONS
9.2A Reflection and Rotation Symmetry in Triangles 566
9.2B Reflection and Rotation Symmetry in Quadrilaterals 567
9.2C Reflection and Rotation Symmetry in Other Figures 568
9.2D Letters of the Alphabet and Symmetry 568
9.2E Patterns 569
9.2F Symmetries of Strip Patterns 572
9.2G Analyzing Brick Patterns 575
9.2H Which Triangles Tessellate? 580
9.2I Which Regular Polygons Tessellate? 581
9.2J Tessellating Trapezoids 583
9.2K More Tessellating Polygons 585
9.2L Generating Pictures Through Transformations 587
SECTION 9.3 Similarity 595
INVESTIGATIONS
9.3A Understanding Similarity 596
9.3B Similarity Using an Artistic Perspective 598
9.3C Using Coordinate Geometry to Understand
Similarity 599
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 9 601
CHAPTER 9 SUMMARY 602
CHAPTER 9 REVIEW EXERCISES 602
10 Geometry as Measurement 605
SECTION 10.1 Systems of Measurement 606
INVESTIGATIONS
10.1A Developing Metric Sense 611
10.1B Converting Among Units in the Metric System 614
SECTION 10.2 Perimeter and Area 619
INVESTIGATIONS
10.2A What Is the Length of the Arc? 620
10.2B Converting Units of Area 625
10.2C Using the Pythagorean Theorem 626
10.2D Understanding the Area Formula for Circles 627
10.2E A 16-Inch Pizza Versus an 8-Inch Pizza 628
10.2F How Big Is the Footprint? 628
10.2G Making a Fence with Maximum Area 630
SECTION 10.3 Surface Area and Volume 637
INVESTIGATIONS
10.3A Are Their Pictures Misleading? 646
10.3B Finding the Volume of a Hollow Box 647
10.3C Surface Area and Volume 648
LOOKING BACK ON CHAPTER 10 654
CHAPTER 10 SUMMARY 655
CHAPTER 10 REVIEW EXERCISES 655

Helping Children Learn Mathematics

Robert E. Reys, Mary Lindquist, Diana V. Lambdin e Nancy L. Smith 
Wiley | 2012 - 10ª edição | 461 páginas | rar - pdf | 11,7 Mb

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The new edition of Reys' Helping Children Learn Mathematics examines the forthcoming Common Core Standards and refocuses the themes for the book to make sure they are timely, significant and parallel in form. The three themes threaded throughout the book are: Best Practices, Sense Making and Practical Experiences.

The text strengthens the attention given to diversity by carefully examining the Cultural Connections sections to make sure they address, when appropriate, practical experience suggestions for dealing with diversity. Other updates include new entries in the Book Nooks; an expanded list of Book Nook recommendations; updated references including all research citations; and links from the narrative to appropriate intact lessons that currently are in Teaching Elementary Mathematics: A Resource for Field Experiences.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1:     School Mathematics in a Changing World

Chapter 2:     Helping Children Learn Mathematics with Understanding

Chapter 3:     Planning for and Teaching Diverse Learners

Chapter 4:     Assessment: Enhanced Learning and Teaching

Chapter 5:     Mathematical Processes and Practices

Chapter 6:     Helping Children with Problem Solving

Chapter 7:     Developing Counting and Number Sense in Early Grades

Chapter 8:     Extending Number Sense: Place Value

Chapter 9:     Operations: Meaning and Basic Facts

Chapter 10: Computation Methods: Calculators, Mental Computation, and Estimation

Chapter 11: Standard and Alternative Computational Algorithms

Chapter 12: Fractions and Decimals: Concepts and Operations

Chapter 13: Ratio, Proportion, and Percent: Meanings and Applications

Chapter 14: Algebraic Thinking

Chapter 15: Geometry

Chapter 16: Measurement

Chapter 17: Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability

Chapter 18: Number Theory

site do manual: wiley.com

Mathematics for Elementary Teachers A Contemporary Approach

Gary L. Musser , Blake E. Peterson e William F. Burger
Wiley | 2013 -10ª edição | 1031 páginas | rar-pdf | 25,9 Mb

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pdf - 34 Mb - link

Mathematics for Elementary Teachers: A Contemporary Approach, 10th Edition makes readers motivated to learn mathematics. With new-found confidence, they are better able to appreciate the beauty and excitement of the mathematical world. The new edition of Musser, Burger, and Peterson's best-selling textbook focuses on one primary goal: helping students develop a true understanding of central concepts using solid mathematical content in an accessible and appealing format. The components in this complete learning program work in harmony to help achieve this goal. The Tenth Edition features the Common Core Standards to accompany the NCTM standards that are integrated throughout the text.

Contents
1 Introduction to Problem Solving 2
2 Sets, Whole Numbers, and Numeration 42
3 Whole Numbers: Operations and Properties 84
4 Whole Number Computation—Mental, Electronic, and Written 128
5 Number Theory 174
6 Fractions 206
7 Decimals, Ratio, Proportion, and Percent 250
8 Integers 302
9 Rational Numbers, Real Numbers, and Algebra 338
10 Statistics 412
11 Probability 484
12 Geometric Shapes 546
13 Measurement 644
14 Geometry Using Triangle Congruence and Similarity 716
15 Geometry Using Coordinates 780
16 Geometry Using Transformations 820
Epilogue: An Eclectic Approach to Geometry 877
Topic 1 Elementary Logic 881
Topic 2 Clock Arithmetic: A Mathematical System 891
Answers to Exercise/Problem Sets A and B, Chapter Reviews, Chapter Tests, and Topics Section A1
Index I1
Contents of Book Companion Web Site
Resources for Technology Problems
Technology Tutorials
Webmodules
Additional Resources
Videos

Mathematical Sorcery: Revealing the Secrets of Numbers

Calvin C. Clawson

Basic Books | 1999 | 301 páginas | rar - pdf | 5,5 Mb

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There are two kinds of people: those who can do mathematics, and then there’s the rest of us.Math is boring.Females have no facility for mathematics (and really don’t need it, anyway).For many people who do not like math, these myths ring true.Calvin Clawson, the celebrated author of Mathematical Mysteries, has a unique talent for opening the door for the uninitiated to the splendors of mathematics. A writer in love with his subject, Clawson offers readers the perfect antidote to the phobias and misconceptions surrounding mathematics in MATHEMATICAL SORCERY. Contending that the power and beauty of mathematics are gifts in which we all can partake, he shows that the field of mathematics holds a bounty of wonder that can be reaped by any one of us in the hopes of discovering new truths.In this captivating quest for pure knowledge, Clawson takes us on a journey to the amazing discoveries of our ancient ancestors. He divulges the wisdom of the Ancient Greeks, Sumerians, Babylonians, and Egyptians, whose stunning revelations still have deep meaning to us today. The secrets of the constellations, the enigma of the golden mean, and the brilliance of a proof are just some of the breakthroughs he explores with unbridled delight.Enabling us to appreciate the achievements of Newton and other intellectual giants, Clawson inspires us through his eloquence and zeal to actually do mathematics, urging us to leap to the next level. He helps us intuitively comprehend and follow the very building blocks that too long have been a mystery to most of us, including infinity, functions, and the limit. As he elegantly states: “Mathematics is pursued not only for the sheer joy of the pursuit, as with the Ancient Greeks, but for the truths it reveals about our universe.” Through MATHEMATICAL SORCERY, we taste the fruit of knowledge that has eluded us until now.

Contents
Acknowledgments ..... ix
Introduction .... 1
Chapter 1: Early Counting ..... 9
Chapter 2: The Incredible Greeks ... 22
Chapter 3: Mathematical Proofs .. 55
Chapter 4: Passing the Torch ... 80
Chapter 5: Opening the Door .. 115
Chapter 6: Functions ... 133
Chapter 7: Stretching Space ... 176
Chapter 8: Extending the Form .... 211
Chapter 9: Isaac Newton ... 228
Chapter 10: Calculus.... 248
Chapter 11: Speculations on the Nature of Mathematics ... 281
Endnotes ... 286
Index ... 291

Understandable Statistics: Concepts and Methods

Charles Henry Brase e Corrinne Pellillo Brase

Cengage Learning | 2011 -10ª edição | 844 páginas | pdf | 54 Mb

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UNDERSTANDABLE STATISTICS: CONCEPTS AND METHODS, Tenth Edition, is a thorough, yet accessible program designed to help readers overcome their apprehensions about statistics. The authors provide clear guidance and informal advice while showing the links between statistics and the world. To reinforce this approach--and make the material interesting as well as easier to understand--the book integrates real-life data from a variety of sources, including journals, periodicals, newspapers, and the Internet. Readers also have opportunities to develop their critical thinking and statistical literacy skills through special features and exercises throughout the text. The use of graphing calculators, Excel, MINITAB, and SPSS is covered for those who wish to learn about these helpful tools

Contents
Preface xv
Table of Prerequisite Material 1
1 Getting Started 2
FOCUS PROBLEM: Where Have All the Fireflies Gone? 3
1.1 What Is Statistics? 4
1.2 Random Samples 12
1.3 Introduction to Experimental Design 21
Summary 30
Important Words & Symbols 30
Chapter Review Problems 31
Data Highlights: Group Projects 34
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 34
USING TECHNOLOGY 35
2 Organizing Data 38
FOCUS PROBLEM: Say It with Pictures 39
2.1 Frequency Distributions, Histograms, and Related Topics 40
2.2 Bar Graphs, Circle Graphs, and Time-Series Graphs 54
2.3 Stem-and-Leaf Displays 63
Summary 71
Important Words & Symbols 71
Chapter Review Problems 72
Data Highlights: Group Projects 75
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 77
USING TECHNOLOGY 78
3 Averages and Variation 80
FOCUS PROBLEM: The Educational Advantage 81
3.1 Measures of Central Tendency: Mode, Median, and Mean 82
3.2 Measures of Variation 93
3.3 Percentiles and Box-and-Whisker Plots 110
Summary 120
Important Words & Symbols 120
Chapter Review Problems 121
4 Elementary Probability Theory 130
FOCUS PROBLEM: How Often Do Lie Detectors Lie? 131
4.1 What Is Probability? 132
4.2 Some Probability Rules—Compound Events 142
4.3 Trees and Counting Techniques 162
Summary 172
Important Words & Symbols 173
Chapter Review Problems 174
Data Highlights: Group Projects 176
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 178
USING TECHNOLOGY 179
5 The Binomial Probability
Distribution and Related Topics 180
FOCUS PROBLEM: Personality Preference Types: Introvert or Extrovert? 181
5.1 Introduction to Random Variables and Probability Distributions 182
5.2 Binomial Probabilities 195
5.3 Additional Properties of the Binomial Distribution 210
5.4 The Geometric and Poisson Probability Distributions 222
Summary 239
Important Words & Symbols 240
Chapter Review Problems 241
Data Highlights: Group Projects 244
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 245
USING TECHNOLOGY 247
6 Normal Curves and Sampling
Distributions 248
FOCUS PROBLEM: Impulse Buying 249
6.1 Graphs of Normal Probability Distributions 250
6.2 Standard Units and Areas Under the Standard Normal Distribution 266
6.3 Areas Under Any Normal Curve 276
6.4 Sampling Distributions 291
6.5 The Central Limit Theorem 296
6.6 Normal Approximation to Binomial Distribution and to Distribution 308
Summary 318
Important Words & Symbols 319
Chapter Review Problems 319
Data Highlights: Group Projects 322
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 323
USING TECHNOLOGY 325
CUMULATIVE REVIEW PROBLEMS: Chapters 4–6 329
7 Estimation 332
FOCUS PROBLEM: The Trouble with Wood Ducks 333
7.1 Estimating m When s Is Known 334
7.2 Estimating m When s Is Unknown 347
7.3 Estimating p in the Binomial Distribution 360
7.4 Estimating m1 m2 and p1 p2 372
Summary 395
Important Words & Symbols 395
Chapter Review Problems 396
Data Highlights: Group Projects 400
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 402
USING TECHNOLOGY 404
8 Hypothesis Testing 408
FOCUS PROBLEM: Benford’s Law: The Importance of Being Number 1 409
8.1 Introduction to Statistical Tests 410
8.2 Testing the Mean m 425
8.3 Testing a Proportion p 442
8.4 Tests Involving Paired Differences (Dependent Samples) 452
8.5 Testing m1 m2 and p1 p2 (Independent Samples) 466
Summary 490
Finding the P-Value Corresponding to a Sample Test Statistic 491
Important Words & Symbols 491
Chapter Review Problems 492
Data Highlights: Group Projects 495
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 496
USING TECHNOLOGY 497
9 Correlation and Regression 500
FOCUS PROBLEM: Changing Populations and Crime Rate 501
9.1 Scatter Diagrams and Linear Correlation 502
9.2 Linear Regression and the Coefficient of Determination 520
9.3 Inferences for Correlation and Regression 541
9.4 Multiple Regression 559
Summary 575
Important Words & Symbols 575
Chapter Review Problems 576
Data Highlights: Group Projects 579
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 580
USING TECHNOLOGY 581
CUMULATIVE REVIEW PROBLEMS: Chapters 7–9 586
10 Chi-Square and F Distributions 590
FOCUS PROBLEM: Archaeology in Bandelier National Monument 591
Part I: Inferences Using the Chi-Square Distribution 592
Overview of the Chi-Square Distribution 592
10.1 Chi-Square: Tests of Independence and of Homogeneity 593
10.2 Chi-Square: Goodness of Fit 608
10.3 Testing and Estimating a Single Variance or Standard Deviation 618
Part II: Inferences Using the F Distribution 630
Overview of the F Distribution 630
10.4 Testing Two Variances 631
10.5 One-Way ANOVA: Comparing Several Sample Means 640
10.6 Introduction to Two-Way ANOVA 656
Summary 668
Important Words & Symbols 668
Chapter Review Problems 669
Data Highlights: Group Projects 672
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 673
USING TECHNOLOGY 674
11 Nonparametric Statistics 676
FOCUS PROBLEM: How Cold? Compared to What? 677
11.1 The Sign Test for Matched Pairs 678
11.2 The Rank-Sum Test 686
11.3 Spearman Rank Correlation 694
11.4 Runs Test for Randomness 705
Summary 714
Important Words & Symbols 714
Chapter Review Problems 714
Data Highlights: Group Projects 716
Linking Concepts: Writing Projects 717
CUMULATIVE REVIEW PROBLEMS: Chapters 10–11 718

Appendix I: Additional Topics A1
Part I: Bayes’s Theorem A1
Part II: The Hypergeometric Probability Distribution A5
Appendix II: Tables A9
Table 1: Random Numbers A9; Table 2: Binomial Coefficients Cn,r A10; Table 3: Binomial
Probability Distribution Cn,r pr qn r A11; Table 4: Poisson Probability Distribution A16;
Table 5: Areas of a Standard Normal Distribution A22; Table 6: Critical Values for
Student’s t Distribution A24; Table 7: The Distribution A25; Table 8: Critical Values
for F Distribution A26; Table 9: Critical Values for Spearman Rank Correlation, rs A36;
Table 10: Critical Values for Number of Runs R A37
Answers and Key Steps to Odd-Numbered Problems A39
Answers to Selected Even-Numbered Problems A74
Index I1