McGraw-Hill | 2012 | 288 páginas | rar - pdf | 5 Mb
link (password: matav)
The quickest route to learning a subject is through a solid grounding in the basics. So what you won’t find inEasy Mathematics Step-by-Step is a lot of endless drills. Instead, you get a clear explanation that breaks down complex concepts into easy-to-understand steps, followed by highly focused exercises that are linked to core skills--enabling learners to grasp when and how to apply those techniques.
This book features:
- Large step-by-step charts breaking down each step within a process and showing clear connections between topics and annotations to clarify difficulties
- Stay-in-step panels show how to cope with variations to the core steps
- Step-it-up exercises link practice to the core steps already presented
- Missteps and stumbles highlight common errors to avoid
Preface vii
1 Numbers and Operations 1
Natural Numbers and Whole Numbers 1
Integers 2
Rational, Irrational, and Real Numbers 4
Terminology for the Four Basic Operations 8
Division Involving Zero 8
Properties of Real Numbers 10
2 Integers 16
Comparing Integers 16
Absolute Value 17
Adding Signed Numbers 19
Subtracting Signed Numbers 23
Use of the − Symbol 27
Multiplying Signed Numbers 28
Dividing Signed Numbers 31
3 Exponents 35
Exponential Notation 35
Natural Number Exponents 37
Zero Exponents 40
Negative Exponents 41
4 Order of Operations 45
Grouping Symbols 45
PEMDAS 47
5 Fractions 54
Fraction Concepts 54
Reducing Fractions to Lowest Form 55
Equivalent Fractions 57
Adding and Subtracting Fractions 57
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions 60
Working with Mixed Numbers and Improper Fractions 61
6 Decimals 65
Decimal Concepts 65
Adding and Subtracting Decimals 66
Multiplying Decimals 67
Dividing Decimals 68
Rounding Decimals 69
7 Percents 71
Percent Concepts 71
Changing Percents to Decimal Form 71
Changing Decimals to Percent Form 73
Changing Percents to Fraction Form 75
Changing Fractions to Percent Form 80
Common Percents to Know 82
8 Units of Measurement 84
Metric System Prefi xes 84
US Customary and Metric Units 85
Denominate Numbers 86
Converting Units of Denominate Numbers 87
Shortcut for Converting Within the Metric System 92
Using a “Chain” of Conversion Fractions 94
Converting Money to Different Denominations 95
Rough Equivalencies for the Metric System 96
Determining Unit Price 97
9 Ratios and Proportions 99
Ratio Concepts 99
Proportion Concepts 99
Solving Proportions 100
Solving Application Problems Involving Proportions 101
Using Proportions to Solve Percent Problems 104
10 Roots and Radicals 111
Square Roots 111
Principal Square Roots and Radicals 113
Perfect Squares 115
Cube Roots 116
11 Algebraic Expressions 119
Algebraic Terminology 119
Evaluating Algebraic Expressions 122
Dealing with Parentheses 125
12 Formulas 129
Defi nition of Formula 129
Evaluating Formulas 129
13 Polynomials 134
Terms and Monomials 134
Polynomials 136
Like Terms 138
Adding and Subtracting Monomials 139
Simplifying Polynomial Expressions 140
Adding Polynomials 142
Subtracting Polynomials 143
14 Solving Equations 146
Equation Terminology 146
Solving Equations 146
Translating and Solving Verbal Equations 155
Writing Equations to Solve Percent Problems 157
15 Informal Geometry 162
Congruence 162
Similarity 164
Symmetry 166
Angles 169
Lines 171
Polygons 174
Triangles 176
Quadrilaterals 180
Parts of a Circle 183
Solid Figures 185
16 Perimeter, Area, and Volume 194
Perimeter 194
Perimeter of Special Shapes 195
Area 199
Surface Area 203
Volume 204
17 Pythagorean Theorem 210
Right Triangle Concepts 210
Pythagorean Theorem 210
Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem 217
18 Counting and Probability 219
Counting Methods 219
Basic Probability Concepts 224
Probability When Drawing with or Without Replacement 228
Probability for Independent Events 230
19 Mean, Median, Mode, and Range 233
Mean 233
Weighted Average 235
Median 236
Mode 238
Range 240
Answer Key 245
Index 269
